HARDY CONIFEROUS TREES 47 



that tree, will grow on cold, stiff soils where only 

 a limited number of conifers could subsist. In a 

 young state it is apt to form several leading shoots, 

 and sometimes ungainly side branches, which should 

 be removed by timely and well-directed pruning. 

 The cones are five-eighths of an inch long ; and 

 the leaves, in which the primordial shape is re- 

 tained for an indefinite period, rather longer than 

 the cones, flatfish, velvety in texture, and abund- 

 antly produced. Cones were produced at Holwood, 

 in Kent, in 1917. 



C. JAPONICA ELEGANS NANA. — This should UOt 



be confused with the dwarf form of the species, 

 which is also known under the varietal name of 

 nana, the present plant retaining its coppery tint 

 during the winter and early spring months. It is 

 of small growth, thickly branched and foliaged, 

 the branchlets being shortly pendulous. 



C. JAPONICA LoBBi, Veitch. 1853. — Compared 

 with the species, this forms a tree of narrower and 

 more compact outline, the leaves also being of a 

 brighter and more vivid green colour and shorter. 

 It is equally vigorous as the species, and in this 

 country has attained to stately dimensions, with 

 a straight, well-formed trunk that is furnished 

 throughout with bushy, thickly foliaged branches, 

 the spread of which is usually less than one-third 

 of the height. 



C. JAPONICA NANA is of dwarf growth with 

 thickly arranged branches and foliage. 



C. JAPONICA Sandersii, which originated in 

 Cork, is of dense habit, with very distinct foliage. 



C. JAPONICA SPIRALIS. — Though quite distinct 

 and noteworthy, this cannot be described as an 



