92 CONIFEROUS TREES 



in the making of lead pencils. Growing in deep, 

 free soil, it has in Surrey attained to a height of 

 nearly 50 feet, and with a stem girthing 7J feet at 

 3 feet from the ground. At Mill Hill, planted by 

 Peter Collinson, the red cedar is 55 feet high with 

 a stem girth of 6 feet 11 inches at a yard from 

 the ground. Although varying a good deal in 

 shape and tint of foliage, the t3^ical plant in 

 England is of pyramidal form, with partially 

 ascending branches and mossy, deep green and 

 very varying foliage. The leaves are usually 

 short and pointed, but often scale-like and im- 

 bricated, and both forms occur on the same twig. 

 Berries are usually produced sparsely in this 

 country, resemble large hemp seeds in size, oval- 

 shaped, bluish black in colour, and have one seed 

 in each. Both male and female flowers occur 

 on the same tree. From seed it varies to a wide 

 extent, the following being the best of the numer- 

 ous varieties : 



J. viRGiNiANA ARGENTEA has the foHage here 

 and there irregularly variegated with a silvery 

 tint, but this, in the specimens I have seen, is 

 neither constant nor distinct. 



J. VIRGINIANA AUREO-VARiEGATA is irregularly 

 tinted, particularly at the branch tips, with light 

 yellow. Some forms of this tree are very orna- 

 mental, others not worth cultivating. 



J. VIRGINIANA Bedfordiana, Knight. (Syn- 

 onyms : J. gracilis, Hort.] J. Gossainthaneana, 

 Loddiges.) — This variety does well when planted 

 in light, rich, sandy soil, soon forming a neat 

 and attractive specimen. It differs greatly from 

 the species in shade of foliage - colouring, and 



