GRASSES OF IOWA. 223 



DESCRIPTION. 



Koelkria. Spikelets two to four-flowered, compressed; rachilla 



articulated above the empty glumes. Empty glumes two, unequal, 

 keeled, somewhat shorter than the flowering glumes; flowering glumes 

 membranaceous, more or less scarious, faintly three to five-nerved, ob- 

 tuse, acute or mucronate-pointed. Palea hyaline, acute, two-nerved, 

 about as long as its glume. Stamens three. Styles very short; stigmas 

 plumose. Perennial, caespitose grass, with narrow, usually flat leaves, 

 and densely flowered, spike-like panicles. Dry, sandy soil. July to Sep- 

 tember. 



Koeleria cristata in many forms is common throughout the state, 

 usually in dry, sterile soil. See figure 156, page 221. 



DISTRIBUTION. 



Iowa. Cedar Rapids (Shimek) ; Ames (Zmunt, 179 Ball, Pam- 

 mel. Miss Hess); Marathon, 3333 (Roberts); Pilot Mound (Miss 

 King and A. MacCorkindale) ; Grundy Center, 3253 (Miss Paddock) ; 

 Armstrong, 3262, 673 and 3199 Missouri Valley, 665 Elmore, Minn., 

 Iowa-Minnesota line, 3221 Gridley (Pammel) ; Armstrong (Cratty) ; 

 Rock Rapids, Johnson County, Cedar Rapids, Lyon County (Shimek) ; 

 Allamakee County (Fitzpatrick and Bartsch) ; Hamilton to Hancock 

 County (Preston) ; Johnson County (Miss Linder) ; Iowa City (Hitch- 

 cock and Macbride) ; Twin Lakes Township, Calhoun County (Rigg) ; 

 Lyon County, northwest corner of state (Shimek) ; Unionville 

 (Shimek) ; Lineville (Shimek) ; Ontario, (R. E. Buchanan). 



X'jrth America. Ontario to British Columbia, south to Pennsyl- 

 vania, Minnesota (Minneapolis, Sandberg, 213; Houston County, 

 Pammel, 5; Iowa and Minnesota, Parry 3), Nebraska (Oxford 80, 

 Sherman, Alma 73, Grand Island no), Missouri (Jefferson, Eggert ; 

 Webster. Pammel), Kansas (Osborne, Shear 706), Wisconsin (La 

 Crosse, C. M. King and D. S. Pammel), Texas and California (Parish, 

 Santa Cruz. Dr. Anderson; southern California, Parry and Lemmon ) , 

 Colorado (Greeley, La Poudre River, 41 Golden, 234, 249 Larimer 

 County. 215 Ft. Collins Pammel; Hall and Harbour, lat. 39°-4l')i 

 Wyoming (Sheridan, Little and Stanton, 81, 184; Big .Horn, 75, 

 Sheridan; New Castle, in, Pammel; Black's Fork, Fuller's Ranch, 

 Pammel, Johnson, Buchanan and Lummis ; Dale Creek and Black's 

 Fork. Pammel and Buchanan; western Wyoming, Parry. 2S0) ; Utah 

 (West Bear River 96. Provo River, Pammel and Stanton). 



