314 GRASSES OF IOWA. 



General. Southern Europe, Spain, France, Germany, to Belgium, 

 Switzerland, Italy, Dalmatia, Turkey and Greece. An escape from 

 cultivation in Great Britain. 



3. LOL1UM TEMULENTUM. 



Lolium temulentutn'L,. Sp. PI. 83. 1753 Watson and Coulter. Gray. 

 Man. Bot.Q7hpl.il. 1890. (6ed.) Scribner. Grasses of Tenn. Bull. Univ. Tenn. 

 Agrl. Exp. Sta. 7: 122 f. 177. 1894. Beal. Grasses of N. A. 2: 630. 1896. 

 Nash in Britton and Brown. 111. Fl. 1: 225. f. 522. 1896. Scribner. 

 Bull. U. S. Dept. Agrl. Div. Agros. 17: 291. /. 587. 1899. 



DESCRIPTION. 



Poison Darnel. An annual, with smooth, stout, culm, 2 to 3 leet 

 (4-6 dm.) high. Sheaths scabrous; liguie short. Spike 6 to 12 inches 

 ( 12-24 cm. ) long. Spikelets five to seven-flowered ; empty glumes sharp- 

 pointed, as long as the spikelet; flowering glumes turgid, awned or awn- 

 less, shorter and broader than in L. perenne. Wet places and cultivated 

 grounds. June to August. See figure 221, on page 313. 



Poison darnel is found in the wheat growing sections of the state. 



DISTRIBUTION. 



Iowa. Ames (Bessey, Hitchcock); Armstrong (Pammel); 

 Charles City (Arthur) ; Cedar Falls (Carver) ; Dallas County (Noel). 



North America. A weed, introduced from Europe. North Caro- 

 lina (Rowan County, Small and Heller), Illinois (Hillsboro, Richard), 

 California (Southern California, Parry and Lemmon 407). 



General. Western Asia, Siberia and India to Germany and Scan- 

 dinavia, Great Britain and northern Africa. 



2. AGROPYRON. 



Agropyron Gaertn. Nov. Comm. Petersb. 14: 539. 1770. Bentham and 

 Hooker Gen. PI. 3: 1202. Hackel in Engler and Prantl. Nat. Pflanz. Fam. 

 II. 2: 78. Scribner. Bull. U. S. Dept. Agrl. Div. Agros. 20: 162. /. 130. 



Elytrigia Desv. Bull. Philom. 2: 190. 1810. 



RoegneriaC. Koch. Linn. 21: 413. 1847. 



Anthosachne Steud. Syn. Glum 1: 237. 1855. 



Spikelets three to many-flowered, compressed, two-ranked, alter- 

 nate on opposite sides of a solitary, terminal spike, single at each joint 

 (the lowermost, or all, rarely in pairs) and sessile, with the side against 

 the aixs. Glumes transverse (i. e., right and left), nearly equal and 

 opposite, lanceolate, herbaceous, nerved. Flowering glumes rigid, con- 



