326 



GRASSES OF IOWA. 



North America. Widely naturalized, or in a semi-naturalized con- 

 dition from the Atlantic to the Pacific. 



General. Generally cultivated in Europe, the original form native 

 to the mountains of southern Europe. 



Fig. 230. Secale cereale—a, spike; b, spikelet; 

 d, awned flowering glume; e, palet; kl, k'2, k3, 

 views of seed. (Hackel. ) 



4. TR1TICUM. 



Triticum L. Sp. PI. 85. 1753. Endlicher Gen. PI. 103. Bentham and 

 Hooker. Gen. PI. 3: 1204. Hackel in Engler and Prantl. Nat. Pflanz. 

 Fam. II. 2: 80. /. 93-102. Scribner. Bull. U. S. Dept. Agrl. Div. Agros. 

 20: 164. /. 132. (Rev. ed.) 



Spikelets two to five-flowered, solitary and sessile at the joints of 

 the rachis, forming dense, terminal spikes; rachilla articulated between 

 the florets; lower flowers in each spikelet hermaphrodite, the upper stam- 

 inate or imperfect. Empty glumes at the base of the spikelet two, rigid, 

 usually shorter and narrower than the flowering glumes, short-awned or 



