EXPERDrEXTS IX SUGAR MAXVFACTLTJE, ETC. 533 



cess of the araouut indicated hv the polariscope, and this variation is 

 such as to forbid auy supposition that it is the result of error in ob- 

 servation or in analytical work. 



This explanation may be found by consulting the following tables, 

 in which it appears that, although there is generally about the same 

 amount of glucose in the syrups relative to the amoimt present in the 

 juice (averaging 97.1 per cent), there is still evidence of the destruc- 

 tion of an average of 35 per cent of the glucose. This destruction of 

 glucose appears to be compensated, in part, by the inversion of a certain 

 portion of the crvstallizable sugar, and this inverted sugar possesses 

 such action upon the polarized ray as to render the results of the po- 

 lariscope practically worthless. 



Practically, it appears that the proportion of cry stall izable sugar 

 present in the juice, which may be obtained in the syrup, depends 

 greatly upon the condition of the stalks when worked. For, as will 

 be seen, the average amount secured in all these experiments was but 

 77.1 per cent, still in those syrups prepared from canes which were in 

 the proper condition the amount was over 90 per cent of the ciystal- 

 lizable sugar present in the juice operated ujwu. (See experiments, 

 Nos. 6 and 7.) It is not improbable that even better results may be 

 secured after further experiments shall have perfected the pnxress of 

 manufacture; but in view of the fact that such results have been at- 

 tained with the crude and simple apparatus employed in the experi- 

 ments here recorded, this result is highly gratifying. 



We may hope, then, to secure in syrup 90 per cent of the crystal- 

 lizable sugar present in the juice operated upon. 



The results obtained in the ex})eriments made with stalks from 

 Stowell's Evergreen Sweet Cij-rn are most remarkable and demand ex- 

 planation. The juice obtained from these stalks gave in the laboratory 

 excellent results, and promised a syrup of fine quality. By reference 

 to the tables it will be seen, however, that these syrups (see experi- 

 ments, ^os. 26 and 27) were wholly abnormal and very disappointing. 

 These stalks were cut in Frederick, Md., October 11th, packed in a 

 close car, and, through an oversight, allowed so to remain during op- 

 pressively hot weather until the 15th. They were worked up on the 

 16th, 17th, and 18th. Upon their arrival at Washington they were 

 found so heated as to render their removal frnra the car even difficult, 

 and yet the juice expressed from them appeared of excellent quality, but 

 every attempt to produce from it a crvstallizable syrup failed. An 

 analysis of the syrup shewed that a very large percentage of the sugar 

 had been inverted (in experiments, ^os. 26 and 27), and that the de- 

 struction of glucose in the SATup had been unusually large, while the 



