IG A HANDBOOK OP CONIFERiE 



Leaves spirally arranged, spreading or recurved. Foliage 



bronze in winter. — Cryptomeriajaponica, var. elegans 



(Fig. 35g.). 

 Leaves opposite, spreading, needle-like, j in. long or more, 



whitened on lower surface. — Cuptressus (juvenile 



forms) (Fig. 45). 



Ill 



Leaves flat, linear, yew-like, often two-ranked, 1 in. or less long. 

 Buds and leaf scars usually inconspicuous. 

 Leaves distinctly two-ranked. 

 Leaves evergreen, dark green. 



Bud scales rounded, leaves yellowish green beneath. — 



Taxus (Fig. 8). 

 Bud scales acute, leaves glaucous beneath. 



Tree with spongy bark. Leaves smaller near base 

 of shoot, grading into bud scales. — Sequoia 

 se7n'pervire7is (Fig. 108). 

 Shrub or small tree. Leaves not grading into 

 bud scales.— Prumnopitys (Fig. 6). 

 Leaves deciduous, light green. — Taxodiu7n (Fig. 109). 

 Leaves less distinctly two-ranked, shoots in whorls. 



Leaves twisted, up to f in. long, acute. — Saxegothea (Fig. 



7). 

 Leaves not twisted, \ in. long, obtuse or apiculate. — 

 Podocarpus alpinus. 



IV 



Leaves flat, linear, usually more or less in two ranks more than 

 1 in. long. 

 Leaves dark green, linear, two-ranked. 



Leaves with the midrib prominent on both sides. Buds 



with rounded scales. — Keteleeria (Fig. 62). 

 Leaves with midrib not prominent on both sides. Bud 

 scales acute. 

 Leaves narrowing gradually to the base. — Podocarpus 



chilinus (Fig. 5). 

 Leaves rather abruptly narrowed into a short foot stalk. 

 Leaves spine-pointed with two stomatic grooves 



on lower surface. — Torreya (Fig. 9). 

 Leaves not spine -pointed, without grooves on lower 

 surface. — Cephalotaxus (Fig. 2). 

 Leaves light green, twisted into more or less opposite ranks, 

 narrowly lanceolate. — Cunninghamia (Fig. 36). 



