TAXACE/E 33 



PHYLLOCLADUS, L. C. Richard. 



Brownetcra, Richard ; Kobcrtia, Richard ; Thalamia, Sprengcl. 



Evergreen trees or shrubs of distinct appearance, natives of 

 Tasmania, New Zealand, the Philippine Islands and Borneo. 

 Bark dark brown or black, smooth externally, reddish, compact, 

 and fibrous within, the outer bark shed in thin flakes. Branches 

 usually whorled. True leaves linear or scale -like, ^f in. long, 

 commonly found on seedling plants. They are succeeded by 

 cladodes or leaf -like branches which perform the functions of 

 leaves and bear the female flowers on their margins. Those in 

 a lateral position are spirally arranged and bear a resemblance to 

 simple leaves, but the terminal ones are deeply lobed or pinnate 

 and produced in whorls. In a young state they are often brightly 

 coloured. Male and female flowers on the same tree or on separate 

 trees. Male floivers in stalked or sessile cylindrical catkins, 

 produced in clusters from the pomts of the shoots. Feinale 

 flowers very small, consisting of a single, erect, naked ovule seated 

 on a short, fleshy scale, solitary or several together in a globular, 

 cone-like body. Seeds greenish-brown, nutlike, ovoid or oval, 

 at least twice as long as the swollen scale, each protruding from 

 a cup-lilce sheath and resembling a miniature acorn in its cup. 



The species of PhyUocladus are recognized by their flattened, 

 leaf-lilvC branchlets and by the small hard seeds borne in short, 

 fleshy receptacles on the edges of the cladodes. 



Timber white, yellowish or pale brown, heavy, straight -grained, 

 easily worked, resembling that of the yew though paler in colour. 

 The bark is rich in tannin and is sometimes used by tanners. 



Propagation can be effected by seeds or by cuttings. The 

 latter may be rooted during spring or summer if inserted in sandy 

 soil in a close frame. The various species can be grown out of 

 doors in some parts of Cornwall and in Ireland, but are otherwise 

 tender. Several species are to be seen in the Temperate House 

 at Kew. 



PhyUocladus alpinus, Hooker fil, 

 Alpine Celery-topped Pine. 



Celery Pine ; Mountain Toatoa ; New Zealand Hickory ; Tanekaha. 



A bush or small tree 5-25 ft. high with numerous short, stout 

 branches. Cladodes green, irregular in form and size, often 

 narrow and diamond-shaped, j-l| in. long and |-| in. wide, thick 

 in texture, margins almost entire, crenate, serrate, or irregularly 

 and deeply lobed. On stunted specimens the branch system is 

 very compact and the cladodes small and numerous, resembling 

 a stunted Gaultheria or Vaccinimn. The more highly cultivated 

 the plants are, the more deeply lobed are the cladodes. Male 

 flowers short, dense, reddish, almost stalkless. Female flowers 



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