PINACE^ 107 



This interesting fir is an alpine species confined to the volcanic 

 island of Quelpaert, where it was discovered by Faurie in 1907 

 on Hallai-san (Mt. Auckland), and seen there ten years later by 

 Wilson, who also found it on the Chiri-san range of mountains 

 in the south of the Corean peninsula. It is abundant above 

 3,000 ft. altitude, either forming pure forest or associated with 

 deciduous trees and Picea jezoensis. 



Young trees in cultivation at Les Barres and Verrieres in 

 France, and at Kew. are thriving and very distinct in their smooth, 

 silvery-grey young shoots with scattered hairs, resinous buds 

 and widely spreading leaves which are conspicuously glaucous 

 on the lower surface. It seems likely to prove hardy in cultiva- 

 tion and a desirable addition to our ornamental conifers. It 

 has already produced cones at Les Barres. 



Abies lasiocarpa, Nuttall. 

 Alpine Fir. 



Abies bifolia, A. Murray ; A. sub-alpina, Engelmann ; A. sub-alpina 

 var. fallax, Engelmann ; Picea lasiocarpa, W. J. Hooker. 



Balsam ; Downy-cone Fir ; Mountain Balsam ; Oregon Balsam Fir ; 

 Pum])kin Fir ; Rocky Mountain Fir ; White Fir. 



A tree 60-90, or occasionally 130 ft. high and 9-12 ft. in 

 girth. Bark of young trees sUvery-grey ; of old trees, ashy- 

 grey or white ; 1-1| in. thick, hard and but slightly fissured. 

 Young shoots ashy-grey, covered with minute hairs or rarely 

 smooth. Branches drooping. Winter buds small, globose, pale 

 brown, resinous. Leaves dense, irregularly pectinate or curving 

 upwards, those in the middle line closely covering the shoot ; 

 flat, linear, up to 1| in. long on the lower branches, usually less 

 than 1 in. long on the upper branches of old trees, apex entire or 

 slightly notched, rounded on the lower branches, pointed on the 

 higher ones, particularly on the leading shoot ; stomata in con- 

 spicuous lines on both surfaces, giving a glaucous or blue-green 

 tint ; resin canals median. The foliage on the upper part of 

 the tree is less dense than on the lower parts. Cones cyhndrical, 

 slightly narrowed at the apex ; 2-4 in. long by 1| in. broad, dark 

 purple, downy ; scales | in. long, |-1 in. wide, the bracts with 

 long, slender points hidden by the scales. Seeds ^ in. long with a 

 shining purplish wing. 



Var. arizonica, Lemmon. 

 Cork Fir. 



Abies arizonica, Merriam ; Arizona Cork Fir. 



Bark yellowish-white, thick, soft, corky. Leaves very 

 similar to those of the type. Cones smaller and scale-bracts 

 shorter than those of A. lasiocarpa. A specimen of the bark of 

 this remarkable fir may be seen in Museum 3, at Kew. 



