PINACE^ 139 



appear to be geographical forms of one variable species with 

 A. loranthijolia as the type. 



The wood is of good quality, easily worked, and useful for all 

 kinds of building purposes. Its microscopic features are given 

 by Baker and Smith. ^ 



All parts of the trees contain resin which exudes from wounds 

 and accumulates on branches, trunks, and at the bases of trees. 

 Large quantities of fossilized gum or resin from primaeval trees 

 are found buried in the ground, sometimes at depths of 6-10 ft. 

 This fossil resin is regarded as superior to the fresh gum. Gum- 

 resin, known as Kauri gum, is an important article of commerce, 

 its chief use being in the manufacture of varnishes and linoleum. 



The various species of Agathis are unsuitable for outdoor 

 cultivation in Britain, but owing to the value of their timber 

 they should be protected and their cultivation extended in their 

 native countries. They are propagated by seeds, but sprouts 

 sometimes appear from the bases of growing and felled trees, 

 which may be used as cuttings. Erect shoots from trees that have 

 had the leading shoot removed may also be utilized as cuttings. 



Seward and Ford, "The Araucarieae : Recent and Extinct " [Phil. Trans. 

 Royal Soc, LoiuL), cxcviii, 304-411 (1906). 



Agathis australis, Salisbury. (Fig. 29.) 

 Kauri Pine. 



Dammara australis, Lambeit. Cowdie Pine ; Kauri ; Black Kauri ; 

 New Zealand Kami ; Red Kauri ; Wliite Kauri ; Dammar. 



A tree 80-120 ft. high, with a columnar trunk 8-12 ft. in 

 diameter, or, occasionally, up to 150 ft. high with a diameter of 

 20-24 ft. Bark thick, smooth, greyish, very resinous. Branches 

 whorled or irregular, horizontal. Young shoots without down, 

 glaucous. Winter buds compact, rounded, with tightly pressed 

 scales. Leaves variable ; on young trees spreading, wide apart, 

 1-3 in. long, ^| in. wide, glaucous-green, narrowly lance-shaped, 

 thick, leathery, short-stalked, opposite or sub-opposite on lateral 

 branchlets ; on old trees shorter, oblong, green, close-set, some- 

 times without stalks. Male and female floivers often on the same 

 tree. 3Iale catkins 1-1 1 in, long, ^| in. wide. Female flowers 

 from the points of short shoots. Co7ie woody, egg-shaped or 

 rounded, 2|-3 in. in diameter; scales about J in, across. Seed 

 with a well- developed wing. 



Distinguished from other species by its smaller and narrower 

 leaves, 



A native of the northern part of the North Island of New 

 Zealand, where it is regarded as one of the most important forest 

 trees. Introduced to Europe in 1823. 



^ Pines of Australia, 377 (1910). 



