PINACE^ 175 



the " cedar " of most timber merchants, which usually refers to 

 a species of Cedrela or some other genus, almost certainly not 

 Cedrus. About seventy different kinds of wood are known under 

 the trade term of " cedar " with one or another prefix. ^ 



Oil is obtained by distillation of the wood. ^ 



The cedars are hardy in many parts of the British Isles and 

 grow into noble trees, especially when allowed ample space for 

 development. In small gardens or amidst cramped surroundings 

 they are quite out of place. The best results are obtained by 

 planting in moist but well-drained loamy soil, although good 

 specimens can be grown on drained peat. 



Propagation is by seeds which must be sown as soon as possible 

 after they are ripe. They give the best results when sown in 

 pots or boxes or in beds under glass, a cold frame being perfectly 

 suitable. Young plants, if moved biennially whilst in the nursery, 

 may be safely transplanted up to a height of 10 or 12 ft. The 

 varieties are increased by grafting upon stocks of the type. 



The distinctions between the so-called species of Cedrus are of 

 a trivial character and seem to depend for the most part upon 

 habit. As individual trees vary considerably in this respect, it 

 seems reasonable to suppose that they are geographical forms of 

 one species. From the horticultural standpoint, however, it is 

 more convenient to regard them as species. 



Cedrus atlantica, Manetti. (Fig. 34.) 

 Atlas Cedar. 



Cedrus africana, Knight; C. Libani, Mathieu ; Pinus atlantica, Eml- 

 Hchei' ; P. Cecli'us, Linnaeus ; Abies atlantica, Lindley and Gordon. Alger- 

 ian Cedar. 



A tree up to 120 ft. high, pyramidal when young, with an 

 erect leading shoot, ultimately assuming a similar habit to old 

 trees of G. Libani. Young shoots mid leaves identical with those 

 of C. Libani. Cones usually smaller and more cylindrical than 

 C. Libani, up to 3 in. long and 2 in. wide ; scales about 1| in. wide. 

 Seed about | in. long, seed and wing together 1-1 1 in. long, wing 

 wedge-shaped. 



Found on the Atlas Mountains in both Algeria and Morocco. 

 Introduced about 1845 by seeds taken from cones collected by 

 Lord Somers ^ at Teniet-el Haad. 



Clinton-Baker, Illust. Conif. \, 69 (1909). 



Var. aurea. 

 Leaves golden. An effective plant when well grown, but not 

 easy to cultivate. 



» Dalliraore, Kew Bull, 1913, 207-224. 



^ Kremors (Gildermoister and Hoffmann), The Volatile Oils, ii, 134 (191G). 



' One of the original plants raised from Lord Somers' seed is now a mag- 

 nificent tree, 92 ft. high by 11 ft. 8 in. in girth (at Westonbirt, Gloucestershire). 

 It was planted in 1847 by the late Mr. R. S. Holford. 



