232 A HANDBOOK OF CONIFERiE 



gium), which form golden gelatinous patches surrounding the 

 stems. One stage of the fungus is passed upon juniper and 

 another upon a rosaceous tree such as mountain ash, hawthorn, 

 blackthorn, bird cherry, or crab apple. The only way to check 

 the spread of the fungus is to eradicate the host of one stage 

 throughout the neighbourhood. 



Key to Juniperus. 



Leaves always awl-shaped or needle-like, jointed at the base, 

 rigid, usually sharp -pointed. 

 Leaves not decurrent on the branchlets. Staminate flowers 

 solitary in the axils of the upper leaves. Fruit 

 composed of three or four scales, marked at the 

 apex by three radiating lines or furrows. Seeds 

 normally three, free. 

 Leaves vnth one white stomatic hand above. 



Leaves f-f in. long, slightly concave above without 

 any trace of a green midrib near the base except in 

 rare cases. Fruit about | in. in diameter. In 

 var, nana leaves shorter, J— ^ in. long. — J. com- 

 munis. 



Leaves |-| in. long, very slender, deeply concave 

 above, Avith the margins inflexed, forming a narrow 

 median groove. Fruit about J in. in diameter. — 

 J . rigida. 



Like J. rigida in foliage, but with leaves densely im- 

 bricated and larger glaucous fruit, |-| in. in 

 diameter. — J. conferta. 

 Leaves with two white stomatic hands above. 

 Shrubs with leaves spreading horizontally outwards from 

 branchlets which are usually not pendulous. 



Leaves |-| in. long, gradually tapering from the middle 

 to the sharp-pointed acuminate apex ; upper surface 

 with a conspicuous midrib, about half the width of 

 the white bands, which are equal in width to the 

 marginal green bands.— J. Oxycedrus. 



Leaves |-1 in. long, tapering from the base to the 

 sharp-pointed acuminate apex ; upper surface with 

 a conspicuous midrib less than half the width 

 of the white bands, which are broader than the 

 marginal green bands.— J. macrocarpa. 



Leaves |— f in. long, with a conspicuous midrib much 

 narrower than the white bands, which are broader 

 than the marginal green bands. — J. formosana. 

 Trees with leaves directed towards the apices of the pendulous 

 branchlets. 



