PINACE.E 243 



the peculiar piquant taste of the hams being attributed to the 

 juniper-berry smoke. ^ 



Juniperus conferta, Parlatore, 



J. litoralis, Maxiinowicz. 



A prostrate shrub with brownish bark, thick branches, and 

 dense, erect branchlets. Leaves crowded, overlapping, about 

 rV in. long, awl-shaped, glaucous green, tapering to a prickly 

 point, deeply grooved above with one band of stomata, convex 

 below. Fruit produced in abundance, globose, \-\ in. in diameter, 

 black with a glaucous bloom when ripe. Seeds 3, ovoid, triangular. 



This species is like J . rigida, but differs from it in its crowded, 

 overlapping shorter leaves and conspicuously glaucous fruit. 

 In its native country, Japan, it is widely spread on sandy shores, 

 forming dense, broad mats. It has recently been introduced into 

 cultivation. 



The juniper formerly grown in gardens under the name of 

 J. litoralis is not this plant, but another Japanese species, J. 

 'procumhens . 



J . conferta has no economic importance. Cultivation as in 

 J . procumhens. 



Clinton-Baker, Illust. Conif. iii, 18 (1913) (as J. littoralis) ; Wils., Conifers of 

 Japan, 83 (1916). 



Juniperus convallium, Rehder and Wilson. ^ 



A tree 15-30 ft. high, the branches erect or spreading, the 

 bark greyish and smooth. Leaves pale green or glaucous, scale- 

 like, appressed, in 4 rows, overlapping, ovate, acute or blunt, 

 about 2^V in. long rounded on the back, with a glandular depres- 

 sion. Fruit sub-globose or ovoid, ^} in. long, shining chestnut 

 brown, decurved, one-seeded. Seed globose or egg-shaped. 



A well-marked juniper like J. excelsa in habit, but very dis- 

 tinct in fruit ; found, according to Wilson, ^ only in the drier parts 

 of the principal river valleys of the China-Tibetan borderland. 



Juniperus drupacea, Labillardiere. (Fig. 53.) 

 Syrian Juniper. 



Juniperus rixfescens, Hort. ; Ai-ceuthos drupacea, Antoine. Drupe- 

 fruited Juniper. 



A tree attaining 60 ft. in height, usually pyramidal in the 

 wild state, but assuming a columnar habit in cultivation. Young 

 shoots triangular, prominently ridged or winged. Older branch- 

 lets smooth. Buds about | in. long, with minute, sharp-pointed 

 scales. Leaves narrowly lance-shaped, spreading, in whorls of 

 3, ^-| in. long, iV,-i in. broad, jointed at the base, apex 



^Journ. Roy. Soc. Arts., 1912, 416. 

 2 Pi. Wils. ii, 62 (1914). 



