248 A HANDBOOK OF CONIFERS 



J. rigida in habit, but the upper surface of the leaves is not 

 grooved as in that plant, which has, moreover, black fruit. 

 The economic uses appear to be local. 



Clinton-Baker, op. cit. iii, 17 (1913) ; PI. Wils. u, 156 (1914). 



Juniperus horizontalis, Moench. 

 Waukegan Juniper. 



Jvuiipenis hudsonica, Loddiges ; J. Sabina, var. prociimbens, Hort. ; 

 J. Sabina, var. prostrata, Loudon. American Savin. 



A handsome juniper with prostrate or procumbent, rooting 

 stems, which spread for a considerable distance over the ground. 

 Leaves conspicuously glaucous, of two kinds, scale-like, about 

 \ in. long, closely pressed, in four ranks, shortly pointed, each 

 with a glandular depression on the back, and awl-shaped leaves 

 in opposite pairs, slightly spreading. Fruit bluish on recurved 

 stalks, \ in. long, not produced on cultivated plants, which usually 

 bear only awl-shaped leaves. 



Native of North America, found on sea chffs, gravelly slopes, 

 and in swamps from the coast of Maine to British Columbia, 

 ranging south to Massachusetts, W. New York, Illinois, and 

 Montana. The plant was formerly confused with J. Sabina, 

 and may be grown under similar conditions to dwarf forms of 

 that species, 



Juniperus lucayana, Britton.^ 



Red Cedar. 



A tree closely allied to J. harbadensis, from which it is said to 

 differ in its smaller, four-ranked leaves, and in its depressed, 

 globose, and somewhat laterally flattened fruit. It inhabits the 

 N. Bahama Islands, though little is now left of it on account of 

 the use of its wood for lead pencUs. 



Juniperus macrocarpa, Sibthorp and Smith. 

 Large -berried Juniper. 



Juniperus Oxycedrus, var. macrocarpa, Aschus. 



This juniper is closely allied to J. Oxycedrus, with which some 

 botanists have united it, but differs in the longer, broader leaves, 

 which are |-1 in. long, and about x^ in. broad, gradually tapering 

 from the base to the spiny point. Fruit larger than in J. Oxy- 

 cedrus, globose or tapering at the base (var ellipsoidea), glau- 

 cous blue, but turning purpUsh brown after ripening, about ^ in. 

 broad, | in. long. 



It has a similar distribution to J. Oxycedrua, but generally 

 grows in sandy places near the sea, extending through the Mediter- 

 1 Trees o/ N. America, 121 (1908). 



