PINACEiE 249 



ranean region from Spain to Syria, and is also found in Bulgaria. 

 Although introduced into England about 1838, it has never 

 become established and is very rarely seen. 



The fragrant wood appears to be used with that of J . Oxy- 

 cedrus for distillation, for perfumery purposes. 



Clinton-Baker, op. cit. iii, 14 and 15 (1913). 



Juniperus macropoda, Boissier.^ 

 A shrub or a tree 40-50 ft. high, or sometimes taller, with a 

 trunk 6-7 ft. in girth. Foliage like that of J. exceha, but coarser. 

 Fruit globose, \ in. in diameter, brownish-purple, tinged with a 

 glaucous bloom, each of the 4 to 6 scales with a prominent boss. 

 Seeds, 2-4 to each fruit, ovoid. This species appears to connect 

 the Eastern Asiatic J. chinensis with the Western J. excelsa. 



The wood is fragrant, moderately hard, with red heartwood 

 and yellow sapwood. It has been used in India for wall-plates, 

 beams, and fuel, and has been suggested as being suitable for 

 pencils. The wood of this and other junipers is burnt as incense. 

 Native of Persia, Afghanistan, and Baluchistan, where it forms 

 extensive forests. 



Juniperus mexicana, Schlectendal. 

 Rock Cedar. 



Juniper Cedar ; IVIoiintain Cedar ; Cedar, 



A tree occasionally 95 ft. high, but usually much smaller, and 

 sometimes a shrub. Bark with persistent scales. Leaves of the 

 ultimate branchlets scale-like, appressed, in opposite pairs ; long- 

 er short-pointed, \r,-in in. long, minutely and irregularly denti- 

 culate, glandular on the back. Leaves on vigorous young shoots 

 awl-shaped, ^| in. long. Fruit globose or ovoid, |-| in. long, 

 brownish, glaucous. Seeds 2-3, similar to those of J. calif ornica. 



A native of the Umestone mountains and hills of Mexico and 

 Texas, where it forms the limit of arborescent vegetation. It is 

 not known to be in cultivation. 



The wood is hard, close-grained, rather brittle, but durable, 

 and is used in its native countries for general construction, 

 fencing, sills, telegraph poles, railway sleepers, and fuel. 



Clinton-Baker, Ilhi-st. Conif. iii, 19 (1913). 



Juniperus occidentalis, Hooker. 

 Western Juniper. 



Juniperus pyriformis, Liiidley ; Clianisecjqiaris Boursieri, Decaine (not 

 Carriere). Calif omian Juniper ; Canadian Juniper ; Western Red Cedar ; 

 Yellow Cedar. 



A tree varying from 20-60 ft. high in N. America, with a 

 tall, straight stem up to 9 ft. in girth. Bark scaly, about | in. 



^Fl. Orienialis, v, 709 (1884). 



