302 A HANDBOOK OF CONIFERiE 



usually ^1 in. long ; scales 4, each with a curved spine on the back. 



Found on the Ruahine Mountains of the North Island of New 

 Zealand and in the Middle Island from the Nelson Mountains at 

 6,000 ft. elevation to Otago, where at Dunedin it descends to 

 2,000 ft. and at Haast's Pass to 1,000 ft. It is hardier than 

 L. Doniana, but is reduced to a bush at the colder elevations or 

 in wet, boggy ground. 



Wood soft, brittle, durable, less generally useful than that of 

 L. Doniana, but suitable for many kinds of carpentry. 



This species is not known to be in cultivation in Britain. 



Libocedrus chilensis, EndUcher. (Fig. 66.) 

 Chilean Cedar. 



Thuya andina, Poepijig and Endlicher ; T. chilensis, Don. 



A small tree up to 50 ft. high in Chile. Trunk short, with 

 a narrow head of branches. Branclilets slender, compact, the 

 ultimate divisions closely arranged. Leaves in 4 ranks, scale- 

 like, closely overlapping, the under-surface marked with a broad 

 band of stomata ; lateral pairs larger than, and almost covering 

 the median leaves, which are rounded at the apex with a con- 

 spicuous gland. Cones soUtary, terminating short branchlets ; 

 scales 4, the lower pair small and reflexed, the other pair 

 \-\ in. long, woody, with a minute boss near the apex. Seeds 

 small with narrow wings, 1-2 to each fertile scale. 



Alhed to L. Doniana, from which it differs chiefly in its more 

 plumose habit, finer spray, and by the absence of a spiny process 

 on the back of each cone-scale. 



Native of the lower slopes of the Andes of S. Chile to Valdivia, 

 rising to an altitude of 3,500-4,500 ft. in the valley of the Rio 

 Limay below Nahuel-Huapi, where trees 50-60 ft. high were 

 found by Elwes. Seeds were originally sent to Messrs. Low, of 

 Clapton, in 1847. 



The fragrant and durable wood is used for general carpentry. 



The Chilean cedar is fairly hardy and succeeds in many parts 

 of the British Isles, the best results being obtained by planting 

 it in deep, moist, but well-drained soil, either of a hght loamy 

 or peaty nature, in the warmer parts of the country where the 

 atmospheric conditions are moist. Cuttings can be rooted by 

 inserting them in sandy soU in a cold or shghtly warmed 

 frame in summer. 



Libocedrus decurrens, Torrey. (Fig. 66.) 

 Incense Cedar. 



Heyderia decm-rens, Koch ; Tliuya Craigiana, Murray ; T. gigantea, 

 Carriere (not Nuttall). 



Bastard Cedar ; Califomian Post Cedar ; Cedar ; Jvmiper ; Red Cedar ; 

 White Cedar. 



A tree 100-150 ft. high, and up to 18 ft. in girth in North 



