PINACE.E 323 



green in colour, soft to the touch and flexible, |-1 in. long, ending 

 in a sharp horny point, witli a peculiar foetid odour when bruised, 

 four-sided, with several stomatic lines on each side. Cones 

 ovoid-cylindric, variable in size, l|-3 in. long, |-1 in. wide, green 

 tinged with crimson when fully grown, becoming eventually 

 shining brown ; scales thin with toothed margins. Seed about 

 ro in. long, with a wing three times that length. 



Var. Fendleri, Henry. 



A variety based on a tree in the spruce collection in the Kew 

 Pinetum. It differs from P. Engelmanni in having pendulous 

 young branchlets and slender leaves, 1-1^ in. long, which spread 

 equally round the shoot. This tree is similar to P. Morinda in 

 habit and leaf-arrangement, but the buds and shoots are quite 

 distinct. 



Var. glauca. 

 Leaves glaucous with a rich blue-green colour. 



Var. microphylla, Hesse. 



A shrub bearing shorter leaves than those of the typical form. 



P. Engehnanni resembles P. alba in the peculiar odour of the 

 foliage, but the latter species has usually glabrous shoots and 

 more rigid leaves. It is also like P. pungens in foHage, but the 

 leaves in that species are prickly and the shoots without down. 



It has a wide distribution in W.N. America, occurring at 

 altitudes varying from 3,000-11,500 ft. in the Rocky Mountains 

 from Alberta and British Columbia to Arizona and New Mexico, 

 and westward to the Cascade Mountains of Washington and 

 Oregon, often forming pure forests. The species was discovered 

 in 1862 on Pikes Peak, Colorado, by Dr. Parry, and introduced 

 into England in 1864, but is apparently rare in cultivation. 



Wood straw-coloured, soft, rather weak, straight-grained, 

 easily worked, finishing with a fine satiny surface, rather hke 

 that of P. alba, but obtainable in larger dimensions. It is some- 

 times mixed with wood of P. sitchensis, but is inferior in strength 

 and is recognized by its Hghter colour and by there being no 

 distinct difference between sapwood and heartwood, as in the 

 Sitka spruce. In British Columbia alone in 1918 the available 

 timber of this species was estimated at 56 biUion board ft.^ 



The following results of tests on green material were made by 

 the U.S.A. forest officers : ^ 



" Weight, green (moisture 25 per cent., wood 75 per cent.), 

 25| lb. per cubic ft. 



*' Tension, strength across the grain, — lb. per square in. 



^Wliitford and Craig, Forests of British Columbia, 200 (1918). 

 2 Cat. Emp. Timb. Exhib., Lond. (1920). 



