PINACE^ 



361 



Pines from which Turpentine and Rosin are 

 obtained (contimied). 

 N. Africa. N. America. 



Pinus halepensis. Pinus palustris. 



, , caribcea. 



„ mitis. 



,, fonderosa. 



Pines with Edible Seeds. 



Europe, 

 Pinus Pinea. 

 „ Cembra. 



China. 

 Pinus Armandi. 



Siberia. 

 Pinus Cembra. 



N. America. 



Pinus cembroides. 



„ ,, var. edulis. 



„ „ var. monophylla. 



„ „ Parry ana. 

 ,, Sdbiniana. 

 „ Torreyana. 

 Coulteri. 



India and Afghanistan. 



Pinus Gerardiana. 



Cultivation. — Vines are naturally light-loving trees, and 

 although a few species withstand partial shade for several years 

 they are suppressed sooner or later if full light is not available. 

 Most of the species require well-drained soil, but a few, notably 

 P. Tceda, succeed on wet land. Several species thrive in the 

 pure sand of dunes near the sea, others in gravelly soil or amongst 

 rocks where soil is scarce, on poor ground that has gone out of 

 cultivation, in good loam and in peat ; whilst a few may be 

 grown on clayey soil. Certain species are unsuitable for limy 

 soil, but others, such as Austrian pine, thrive in soil of a calcareous 

 nature. Some withstand a good deal of exposure and are amongst 

 the best of all trees for affording shelter in wind-swept areas. The 

 species that can be successfully grown in the British Isles require 

 well-drained land, and it is useless planting them in wet places or 

 in sour soil. Pure atmospheric conditions are essential, and it is 

 useless planting pines in the neighbourhood of smoky towns or 

 near large chemical works. 



As some species are very widely distributed it is necessary 

 when collecting or purchasing seed to give attention to the country 

 and altitude where the seedlings are to be grown. Thus, seeds of 

 a species distributed longitudinally for 500 miles if collected at the 

 most southerly Umit may produce trees that are too tender to be 

 grown at the most northerly extreme of distribution, and trees 

 raised from seeds collected at a low altitude may be tender in 

 a country with a more northerly latitude, whereas seeds from 



