PINACE.E 391 



Several trees may be seen at Kew. The largest is 35-40 ft. 

 high by 3 ft. in girth at 5 ft. above the ground. 



Firms taiwanensis, Hayata (Journ. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xxx, Art. 

 1, 307 (1911), found in the mountains of Formosa, differs from 

 P. densiflora in its oblong ovate cones. 



P. hrevispica, Hayata (Icon. PI. Form, iii, 191 (1834), also an 

 alpine species from Formosa, is said to differ from P. taiwanensis 

 in its shorter male spike, thicker leaves and triangular cones 

 (when open). 



Elwea and Henry, loc. cit. v, 1125 (1910). 



Pinus excelsa, Wallich. (Fig. 88.) 

 Bhotan Pine. 



Pinus Chylla, Loddiges ; P. Dicksonii, Hort. ; P. Griffithii, McClel- 

 land ; P. nepalensis, Do Chambray (not Royle) ; P. Strobus, Buchanan- 

 Hamilton (not Linnaeus or Thunberg). Blue Pine ; Himalayan Pine. 



A tree 50-150 ft. high, of elegant habit, and often, when 

 isolated, feathered with branches to the ground. Branches 

 spreading horizontally, or the upper ones ascending. Bark thin, 

 smooth and resinous on young trees, greyish brown and shaUowly 

 fissured on old trees. Young shoots without down, glaucous, 

 darkening in colour with age. Winter buds cylindric-conic, 

 l~l in. long, with lance-like scales, either free or matted with 

 resin. Leaves in fives, lasting 3-4 years, those on the young shoot 

 more or less erect, the older ones spreading or drooping, some- 

 times sUghtly bent, slender, greyish green, 5-8 in. long, margins 

 minutely toothed, apex sharp -pointed ; white stomatic hnes on 

 the flat surfaces ; convex surface green ; resin canals marginal ; 

 basal sheath about f in. long, soon faUing. Co7ies sub-terminal, 

 soUtary or 2-3 together, erect when young, pendulous the second 

 year, cylindrical, 6-12 in. long, l|-2 in. in diameter before ex- 

 pansion, light brown when mature, very resinous ; stalks l|-2 in. 

 long ; scalers about 1| in. long and 1 in. broad, wedge-shaped, 

 exposed portion longitudinally grooved, with a thickened apex. 

 Seeds ovoid with a wing |-1 in. long, shed soon after ripening, 

 the empty cones remaining on the trees for several months. 



Var. monophylla, Carriere. 

 Differs from the type by its single leaves which apparently 

 consist of five leaves welded together. 



Var. zebrina, Croux. 

 The leaves are barred with green and gold. Neither variety 

 appears to be in cultivation in the British Isles. 



The Bhotan pine is distinguished from all other five-leaved 

 species by its large, horizontal lower branches, its glabrous 



