396 A HANDBOOK OF CONIFER.E 



in moist and well-drained soils and its highest altitude in clayey 

 soil.^ 



The largest tree at Kew is 40 ft. high and 3 ft. 4 in. in girth at 

 5 ft. above the ground. 



Pinus funebris, Komarov. 



A species resembling P. sylvestris in stature, but with ashy 

 grey coloured bark. Young shoots Ught brown, shining, without 

 down. Winter buds reddish, ovoid, short-pointed, with closely 

 pressed scales. Leaves in pairs, slender, 2|-4 in. long, differing 

 from those of P. Thunbergii in having marginal resin canals. 

 Cones similar in size to those of P. Thunbeigii but differing in the 

 grejdsh terminal portions of the scales, each of which has an 

 elevated centre ending in a short jnflexed point. Seeds shining 

 dark brown with short broad wings. P. funebris, which has been 

 long confused with P. Thunbergii, is widely distributed in the 

 mountains of N. Corea and in the Manchurian provinces of S. 

 Ussuri, Kirin, and Mukden. It is also frequently seen as a culti- 

 vated tree near temples and tombs. It has not yet been intro- 

 duced into cultivation and is doubtfully distinct from P. sinensis. 



Elwes and Henry, loc. cit. v, 1144 (1910) ; Clinton-Baker, Illust. Gonif. iii, 

 p. 38 (1913). 



Pinus Gerardiana, Wallich. 

 Gerard's Pine. 



Pinus Aucklandii, Loddiges ; P. Chilghoza, Elphinstone ; P. Neosa, 

 Govan. Chilgoza ; Cliilgoza Pine ; Himalayfin Edible Pine ; Neosa Pine. 



A tree 50-80 ft. high, with a short trunk 6-12 ft. in girth, 

 shedding its bark in small plates as in P. Bungeana. Bark thin, 

 silver grey. Branches short and horizontal, forming a tree of 

 compact habit. Young shoots without down, oUve green, with 

 prominent ridges. Leaves in threes ; lasting 3 years, stout, stiff, 

 2-4 in. long ; basal sheath deciduous during the second year. 

 Cones oblong-ovoid, 6-8 in. long, 4 in. wide ; scales 1| in. long, 

 1 in. broad, very thick and woody, the exposed portion triangular 

 and reflexed, the swollen apex ending in a recurved spine. Seeds 

 cylindrical, oily, f-1 in. long, wing rudimentary. The seeds do 

 not retain their vitality for long. 



Gerard's pine is distinguished from P. Bungeana by its denser, 

 longer, and more slender leaves, and by its larger cones which 

 have strongly reflexed scales. 



Native of the N.W. Himalaya, occurring on the borders of 

 Kashmir and Tibet, in Kafiristan and N. Afghanistan. It grows 

 on dry, rocky ground at elevations of 6,000-12,000 ft., occurring 

 as isolated specimens and in scattered groups. It was discovered 

 by Captain Gerard, an officer of the Bengal Native Infantry, 

 ^ Sudworth, The Pine Trees of the Rocky Mountain Region, 8 (1917). 



