PINACEiE 399 



P. Parolinii, Visiani ; P. persica, Strangways ; P. Pityusa, Steven ; P. 

 sylvestris, Oouan (not Linnaius, Miller, or Thunberg) ; P. tatarica, Hort. 

 Jerusalem Pine. 



A tree rarely exceeding 50-60 ft. in height, but occasionally 

 80 ft. high with a trunk 12-15 ft. in girth, the branches irregularly 

 arranged, numerous and slender. Bark smooth, silvery grey and 

 shining at first, becoming reddish brown, fissured and scaly on 

 old trunks. Young shoots glaucous grey, without down, slightly 

 ridged. Winter buds conic, about ^ in. long, the scales fringed 

 and often reflexed at the tips. Leaves in pairs, lasting 2 years, 

 slender, curved, twisted above, 2-3| in. long, about h^ in. wide, 

 margins minutely toothed, apex a short, horny point, stomatic 

 lines on both surfaces, resin canals marginal ; basal sheath I in. 

 long, persistent. Cones solitary or 2-3 together, lateral, spreading 

 or deflexed, reddish, ovate-conic, 2-4| in. long, symmetrical or 

 nearly so, on thick, scaly stalks, sometimes remaining closed for 

 several years, or remaining on the branches after the dispersal 

 of the seeds. Scales shining, yellowish brown or reddish, about 

 1 in, long and | in. wide, the exposed part rhomboidal, flat or 

 slightly raised towards the centre with a transverse ridge, the 

 apex unarmed. Seed nearly ^ in. long, light brown on the lower 

 and blackish on the upper surface ; wing nearly 1 in. long. 



Var. Brutia, Elwes and Henry. 



Calabrian PiNE.l 



Pinus Brutia, Tenore ; P. Carica, D. Don ; P. conglomerata Graefer ; 

 P. Loiseleuriana, Carriere ; P. Pallasii, Parolin ; P. Penicillus, Lapeyrouse ; 

 P. Pseudo-halepensis, Denhardt ; P. pyrenaica, Carriere ; P. resinosa, 

 Loiseleiu- (not Roezl, Savi, Solander, or Torrey). 



Leaves longer than in the type, 4-6 in. long, darker green in 

 colour and more rigid. Cones spreading or pointing forwards, 

 never deflexed as in the type, sometimes borne in whorls of 3-6. 

 This appears to be a geographical variety, the distinctive char- 

 acters being due to the influence of soil and climate. 



P. hale2)ensis is recognized by its shining reddish cones, the 

 ashy grey colour of its branches and branchlets, and its slender 

 leaves. 



The species is common in the countries bordering the Mediter- 

 ranean, including Spain and Portugal, S.E. France, Italy, Greece, 

 Asia Minor, Cyprus, and Algeria. It is also found in W. Asia. 

 The variety Brutia has a more restricted and more easterly 

 distribution than the type. According to Loudon, P. halepensis 

 was first cultivated in England by Bishop Compton in 1683. 

 Fine specimens are rarely seen in collections, the largest tree 

 known being at Margam, Glamorganshire. 



^ The name of Calabrian Pine is sometimes applied to Pinus Laricio, var. 

 calahrica. 



