PINACE^ 401 



bright brown, 2-3 in. long, 1| in. wide, stalks short and stiff ; 

 scales about | in. long, \ in. wide, the exposed part prominently 

 developed, with a thick tip transversely keeled. Seeds about 

 \ in. long with a round-topped wing. 



Distinguished from other three-leaved pines by its fine, 

 grass-lilvc leaves and symmetrical cones. 



A native of N. Burma, occurring in the Khasia Hills, Shan 

 Hills, and the Hills of Martaban, usually at elevations of 3,000- 

 7,000 but occasionally at 10,000 ft. ; also found in the Philippine 

 Islands. Its largest dimensions are attained in Burma. In the 

 Shan States it is said to cover an area of 100-200 square miles. 



Wood very resinous and of good quahty. Heartwood reddish 

 browai, sapwood yellow. The timber is used locally for building 

 and other purposes, and is in demand for fuel. Resin from this 

 species is stated to be of better quaUty than that of any other 

 Indian pine, but, owing to the tree growing in somewhat inacces- 

 sible places, its collection is not a profitable undertaking. 



P. Khasya is of no value for the British Isles, but would 

 probably succeed in S. Africa, Australia, and New Zealand, if 

 planted in well-drained soil moderately free from hme. 



Gamble, Man. oj Ind. Timb., p. 708 (1921). 



Pinus koraiensis, Siebold and Zuccarini. (Fig. 84.) 

 Core AN Pine. 



Pinus mandschurica, Ruprecht ; P. Strobus, Thiinberg (not Linnaeus). 

 Cedar Pine ; Cedr ; Corean Nut Pine ; Kedr. 



A tree 100-150 ft. high, with a large, clean trunk bearing 

 stout, spreading, or erect branches. Bark thin, except on old 

 trees, reddish grey, smooth, or dividing into scaly plates. Young 

 shoots clothed with dense, rusty brown hairs, similar to those of 

 P. Cemhra. Winter buds l-f in. long, cylindric-ovoid, the points 

 of the scales free. Leaves resembhng those of P. Cemhra in 

 arrangement and structure, but differing in the blunter apex 

 and closely and sharj^ly toothed margins. They are also whiter 

 on the surface from the more numerous lines of stomata. Basal 

 sheath soon deciduous. Copies sub-terminal, erect, cylindrical, 

 blunt or rounded at the apex, yellowish brown, 5-6 in. long, 

 about 3 in. in diameter, stalks very short, sometimes scarcely 

 noticeable ; scales 11-2 in. long, 1 in. wide, leathery with a wavy 

 margin and often reflexed tip. Seeds about | in. long, wingless, 

 not readily shed. 



Var. variegata. 



The leaves are marked with yellow. It is scarcely decora- 

 tive. 



P. koraiensis differs from P. Cemhra in its stouter leaves 

 with a whiter inner surface and by the margins having more 



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