412 A HANDBOOK OF CONIFERS 



sharp point, stomatic lines on each surface ; resin-ducts median ; 

 basal sheath ^ in. long. Cones ovoid-conic, shortly stalked, 

 differing from those of P. Laricio in being a uniform dull brown 

 colour, with the lower scales pjrramidal above, ending in a reflexed 

 spine. Seeds as in P. Laricio. 



P. leucodermis is closely allied to P. Laricio and is probably 

 but a mountain form of this variable species. The chief difference 

 is seen in its compact branch system and dense foliage. 



Native of Bosnia, Herzegovina, and Montenegro, and dis- 

 covered in 1864 by Maly, who introduced it into cultivation the 

 same year. 



P. leucodermis is usually found on the driest limestone forma- 

 tions. At Kew it succeeds in light loam under similar conditions 

 to the Corsican pine, but grows more slowly, and is more compact. 

 The largest specimen at Kew, raised from seed in 1890, is 16| ft. 

 high. The tree is worth a trial under forest conditions. 



Elwes and Henry, loc. cit. ii, p. 424. 



Pinus longifolia, Roxburgh. 

 Long -LEAVED Indian Pine. 



Pinvis Roxbvirghii, Sargent ; P. serenagensis, Madden. Chir. 



A large tree 150-180 ft. high and 7-11 ft. or occasionally 

 more in diameter, with a spreading crown when mature. The 

 foliage, although normally evergreen, is occasionally deciduous, 

 or partly so, in arid situations or in very dry seasons. Bark of 

 young trees dark grey, deeply fissured, and shed in long, narrow 

 strips, on older trees thicker, darker, often reddish, and shed in 

 large plates. Young shoots grey or pale brown, covered with 

 scale leaves which persist for several years. Winter huds ovoid, 

 small, not resinous, scales closely pressed. Leaves in threes, 

 usually persisting 1-3 years, averaging about 1| years, although 

 sometimes shed before the end of the first year ; Hght green, 

 slender, 8-13 in. long, margins regularly and finely toothed, apex 

 narrowing into a long, fine point ; with several faint lines of 

 stomata on each of the 3 surfaces and marginal resin canals ; 

 basal sheath |-1 in. long. Cones long ovoid, 4|-8 in. long, 

 2|-3| in. wide at the base, on short, stout stalks ; scales hard and 

 thick, the exposed part elongated, thickened, and reflexed. Seeds 

 |-| in. long, with a wing about 1 in. in length. 



P. longifolia is closely allied to P. canariensis but is dis- 

 tinguished from it by the elongated cone-scales. 



Native of the outer ranges and principal valleys of the 

 Himalaya, usually at elevations of 1,500-7,500 ft. It covers 

 very wide areas of country as pure forest and in mixture with 

 other species. 



The best timber is moderately hard and of fairly good quahty, 



