422 A HANDBOOK OF CONIFERS 



injured by cold winters and late spring frosts. The best results 

 are obtained by planting it in a sheltered position in good, well- 

 drained, loamy soil. 



Good specimens of var. Hartwegii are to be found at Strete 

 Raleigh near Exeter, at Windsor, and in other places. 



Elwes and Henry, loc. cit. v, 1061 (1910) ; Shaw, Pines of Mexico, 21 (1909). 



Pinus monticola, Douglas. (Fig. 94.) 

 Western White Pine, 



Pinus Grozelierii, Carriere ; P. nivea, Hort. ; P. Strobus, var. monticola, 

 Nuttall. Finger-cone Pine ; Idaho White Pine ; Little Sugar Pine ; 

 Mountain Pine ; Mountain White Pine ; »Short-leaved Weymouth Pine ; 

 Silver Pine ; Soft Pine ; Sugar Pine ; White Pine ; Yellow Pine. 



A tree attaining in America an age of 200-500 years and a 

 height of 80-175 ft., with a trunk 15-25 ft. in girth, and a narrow 

 pyramidal head. Bark of old trees greyish brown, separating 

 into squarish plates, that of young trees thin, smooth, and light 

 grey. Young shoots stout, clothed with minute, reddish down. 

 Winter buds about | in. long, cylindrical or globe-shaped, blunt, 

 scales close and compact. Leaves in fives, persisting 3-4 years, 

 glaucous green, rigid, dense on the branchlets, about 4 in. long 

 in cultivation, often shorter on wild trees, margins with fine 

 but distant teeth, apex blunt, stomata in several (often about 5) 

 lines on the inner surfaces ; resin canals marginal ; basal sheath 

 I in. long, soon deciduous. Cones solitary or in clusters from the 

 ends of the branches, pendulous after the first year, green or 

 purple in colour before ripening, 5-8 in. long, 2|-3 in. wide when 

 open, slender and often curved at the apex when closed, stalks 

 short and stout ; scales thin, widening from the base upwards, 

 reddish brown except the triangular exposed portion which is buff, 

 tip thickened and resinous, lower scales reflexed. Seeds reddish 

 brown with black spots, | in. long, wings about 1 in. long, shed as 

 soon as ripe. 



Three varieties have been described. — Var. porphyrocarpa, 

 Master (P. porphyrocarpa, Murray) ; var, digitata, Lemmon ; 

 and var. minima, Lemmon. In the first case the distinction was 

 based on the purple cones, and in the other two on the shape 

 and size of the cones. It is doubtful whether either one can be 

 regarded as sufficiently distinct to warrant a varietal name, 



P. monticola may generally be recognized by its narrow, 

 pyramidal habit, its bark broken into squarish plates on old 

 trees, its downy young shoots, and slender, many-scaled cones, 

 the basal scales being reflexed. From P. Strobus, its nearest ally, 

 it differs in its stouter leaves, usually more downy shoots, and 

 by the greater number of its cone-scales, P, Peuke, with similar 

 foliage, has glabrous, bright green shoots and shorter, sturdier 

 cones with concave scales. 



