432 A HANDBOOK OF CONIFERS 



negro, at elevations of 2,500-6,000 ft. It was discovered by the 

 German botanist Grisebach on Mount Peristeri near Bitoli, 

 Macedonia, in 1839, and introduced into cultivation in 1864. 



The wood is not well known, but appears to be rather like that 

 of P. Cembra. The best quaUty is straight-grained and easy to 

 work, but some of the timber is very knotty. Newly worked 

 wood has a strong resinous odour, and injury to the bark of a 

 growing tree causes a considerable exudation of resin. Resin 

 ducts are well marked, particularly in the autumn wood. The 

 timber has little value from a commercial standpoint outside its 

 native country, and even there the difficulty of extraction Hmits 

 its usefulness. 



P. Peuke grows well in the British Isles, forming a compact, 

 erect tree of medium height, coning freely when 20-30 years old. 

 Light loam, or even sandy soil, provided there is an open sub- 

 soil, suits its requirements. It has been recommended as a suit- 

 able tree for sylvicultural purposes by German foresters, and 

 experimental plantings at high altitudes should be made in this 

 country. 



Specimen trees are to be found amongst other places at 

 Westonbirt, where it has attained a height of 53 ft. with a girth 

 of 4 ft. 8 in. 



Elwes and Henry, loc. cit. v, 1014 (1910). 



Pinus Pinaster, Solander. (Fig. 96.) 

 Maritime Pine. 



Pinus detritis, Hort. ; P. Escarena, Risso ; P. glomerata, Salisbtory ; 

 P. Hamiltoni, Tenore ; P. hispanica, Cook ; P. maritima, Lamarck ; 

 P. monspeliensis ; Saltzmarm ; P. neglecta, Low ; P. nepalensis, Royle ; 

 P. Nova-hollandica, Loddiges ; P. Nova-zelandica, Loddiges ; P. sanctae- 

 helenica, Loudon. Bournemouth Pine ; Cluster Pine ; Pinaster ; Seaside 

 Pine ; Tree of Gold. 



A tree 90-120 ft. high with a girth of 6-14 ft., the trunks of 

 old specimens usually bare of branches for the greater part of 

 their length. Bark thick, dark reddish brown, deeply fissured. 

 Young shoots pale brown, free from down, older branchlets 

 prominently ridged and roughened by the bases of scale-leaves. 

 Winter buds stout, |-1 in. or more long, spindle-shaped, with 

 whitish brown, fringed, reflexed scales. Leaves in pairs, persisting 

 about 3 years, stout, rigid, curved, 5-6 in. long, margins finely 

 toothed, apex a hard, horny point ; stomatic lines numerous on 

 each surface ; resin canals median ; basal sheath 1 in. or more 

 long, persistent. Cones sub-terminal, without stalks, produced 

 singly, in twos or threes, or in large clusters, ovate conic, bright 

 brown, shining, 3-7 in. long, 1|-2| in. wide near the obUque 

 base, spreading or deflexed, sometimes remaining closed for 

 several years ; scales oblong, about 1| in. long and | in. broad, 



