PINACE.E 483 



Pseudotsuga japonica, Beissner. (Fig. 104.) 



Japanese Douglas Fir. 



A tree attaining in Japan a height of 70-100 ft. with a girth 

 of 6-15 ft. or more, the trunk clear of branches for about two- 

 thirds the height of the tree. Barh dull reddish brown, becoming 

 greyish on very old trees, fissured into narrow plates. Winter 

 buds very conspicuous, spindle-shaped as in other species, with 

 shining brown, non-resinous scales. Young shoots without down, 

 grey, becoming darker with age. Leaves pale green, pectinate, 

 straight or slightly curved, about 1 in. long, notched at the apex, 

 upper surface grooved from base to apex, lower surface with two 

 broad white bands of stomata. Cones the smallest of the genus, 

 ovoid, l-l-lf in. long, 1 in. in diameter, brown with glaucous 

 patches when young, chocolate-brown at maturity ; scales 15-20, 

 woody, about f in. long, slightly concave, margin minutely 

 toothed or entire ; bracts short, with the three-lobed terminal 

 portion strongly reflexed over the scale below, the central awn- 

 like lobe narrower and longer than the short, blunt, lateral lobes. 

 Seed I in. long, shining dark brown above, pale mottled brown 

 beneath ; wing short, broad, dark brown. 



Distinguished from other species by its hairless shoots and 

 small cones. 



P. japonica is a native of S.E. Japan, where it is a rare and 

 local tree restricted to a few localities in the provinces of Tosa, 

 Kii, and Yamato. It grows in mixed forests between 1,000- 

 3,000 ft. elevation. 



It was introduced in 1910 by Mr. H. Clinton- Baker, on whose 

 estate at Bayfordbury there are thriving young trees, the largest 

 being now (1923) 11 ft. high and bearing cones. It is growing 

 under similar conditions to the common Douglas fir. 



Wilson states ^ that the tree is too rare to be of any com- 

 mercial importance. 



Pseudotsuga macrocarpa, Mayr. (Fig. 105.) 



Large-coned Douglas Fir. 



A tree attaining a height of 70-80 ft. with a trunk 3-4 ft. 

 in diameter in California. Bark deep, reddish brown, deeply 

 divided into broad, rounded ridges and thick closely pressed 

 scales. Young shoots reddish brown in the first year, ultimately 

 greyish, without down or slightly hairy, shallowly ridged. Leaves 

 pectinate, pale green in colour, 1-1$ in. long, usually tapering to 

 a horny point, the upper surface indistinctly furrowed, the lower 

 surface with two white stomatic bands. Cones the largest of the 

 genus, 3|-7 in. long, 2-2| in. wide, with numerous scales ; bracts 



^ Conifers of Japan, 53 (1916) 



