534 A HANDBOOK OF CONIFERS 



lines of stomata on the lower surface, margins entire or with 

 minute short teeth in young plants. Cones ovoid, about 1 in. 

 long and broad, with polished rounded scales which are turned 

 inwards at the summit. 



Distinguished from T. diversifolia by its longer and wider 

 leaves, and from T. Sieboldi by its hairy shoots. A tree of wide 

 distribution in Cent, and W. China, being fairly abundant in the 

 extensively forested regions of W. Szechuen. The wood is 

 there used for shingles and for building purposes. Introduced 

 by Wilson for Messrs. Veitchin 1900, but it appears to be of slow 

 growth as none of the cultivated plants are of any size. 



Masters, Gardeners' Chronicle, 1906, p. 236, fig. 93 (as T. yunnanensis) ; Wil- 

 son, Plantoe WilsoncB ii, 37 (1914). 



Tsuga diversifolia, Masters. (Fig 118.) 

 Northern Japanese Hemlock. 



Tsuga Sieboldi, var. nana Hort. 



A tree of pyramidal outline, similar to Tsuga Sieboldi in habit 

 but usually of smaller dimensions, height 50-80 ft. with a trunk 

 up to 7 ft. in girth. Bark red. Young shoots hairy. Buds, 

 pear-shaped, minutely downy. Leaves arranged like those of 

 T. Sieboldi, but usually shorter and less polished, ^| in. long, 

 with entire margins. Cones with very short or rudimentary 

 stalks, ovoid, with rounded-oblong, polished scales which have 

 bevelled margins. Seed iving short, not decurrent. 



Distinguished from all the other hemlocks by its hairy shoots, 

 and leaves with entire margins. 



A native of Japan, where it has a more northerly distribution 

 than T. Sieboldi. Wilson ^ states that it is a common inhabitant 

 of the forests of nearly all the mountains of Cent, and S. Hondo. 

 Although introduced into cultivation as long ago as 1861, it has 

 never attained any size in this country and specimens more than 

 a few feet high are rare. Sargent ^ says of this tree : " The 

 great forest which covers the Nikko Mountains at an altitude of 

 more than 5,000 ft. is composed almost entirely of the northern 

 hemlock, Tsuga diversifolia, which is distinguished by its bright 

 red bark, small leaves and small cones. This hemlock forest, 

 which is the only forest in Hondo which seems to have been 

 left practically undisturbed by man, is the most beautiful which 

 we saw in Japan." 



Cultivation and economic uses similar to those of T. Sieboldi. 



Tsuga formosana, Hayata. 

 FoRMOSAN Hemlock. 

 A new species of hemlock described by Hayata, and based on 

 specimens found on Mount Morrison, Formosa, by S. Nagasawa 



^Conijers of Japan, 50 (1916). ^Forest Fl. of Japan, 81 (1894). 



