PINACE^ 537 



all round the shoot, more or less curved and pointing forwards, 

 |-1 in. long, with a rounded or short-pointed apex ; upper surface 

 convex and keeled towards the tip, lower surface rounded and 

 grooved towards the base, with inconspicuous lines of stomata 

 on each surface, giving the foliage a greyish or glaucous tinge. 

 Cones sessile, oblong, cylindrical, slightly narrowed at the base 

 and apex, up to 2| in. long, and 1 in. wide when expanded ; 

 scales thin, broader than long, downy, margin irregularly toothed, 

 spreading when ripe. Seeds bright brown, -^ in. long, with a 

 wing up to tV in. long, and I in wide, 



T. Pattoniana may be distinguished by its spirally arranged 

 greyish or glaucous leaves, and by its cylindrical cones which are 

 larger than those of any other species. 



This tree has a similar distribution to T. Alhertiana in W.N. 

 America, but extends farther south in California. It is generally 

 an alpine species, occasionally reaching 11,000 ft. altitude, when 

 it becomes very stunted, and has erect cones. In the Pacific 

 region it is found at sea-level. In British Columbia it ascends to 

 an altitude of 2,000-3,000 ft. It was introduced into cultivation 

 in 1854 by Wm. Murray, who found it on Scott's Mountain, 

 British Columbia ; but it grows slowly in this country, and speci- 

 mens 40 ft. high are rare. 



Wood light, soft, close-grained, rather brittle, polishes well ; 

 heartwood brown, with a pinkish tinge, sapwood lighter ; takes 

 pohsh well. Used for building purposes, fencing, fuel, etc. 



T. Pattoniana forms a handsome decorative plant, its shapely 

 habit, dense branch system, and glaucous leaves combining to 

 make it an attractive and useful evergreen, but it is more at 

 home amidst the hills of Wales and Scotland than on low ground 

 near smoky towns. Soil conditions similar to those recommended 

 for T. Alhertiana are suitable for this tree. Its only value here 

 is as a garden or park specimen. 



Tsuga Sieboldi, Carriere. 

 Japanese Hemlock. 



Tsuga Tsuja, A. Murray ; Abies Araragi, Loudon ; Abies Tsuga, Sie- 

 bold and Zuccarini ; Pinus Araragi, Siebold ; P. Tsuga, Antoine. Japanese 

 Hemlock Spruce ; Tsuga. 



A tree 100 ft. high and 12 ft. in girth in its native localities, 

 but of much smaller dimensions in cultivation. Bark thin, grey, 

 furrowed. Young shoots light, shining brown, without down. 

 Buds small, ovoid, reddish. Leaves mostly arranged in two 

 opposite ranks, variable in size, ^| in. long, the shorter ones 

 usually on the upper side of the shoot and spreading outwards 

 at right angles to it, shining dark green and grooved above, 

 entire, notched at the rounded apex with two well-defined 

 bands of stomata on the lower surface. Cones ovoid, ^-| in. 



