548 



CHAPTER XXVII 



Bacher^ is shown in Fig. 354. The wheel has eight paddles, two of which 

 are provided with cups to collect the sample. 



In sampling from gutters it must be remembered that mixture may not 

 be complete, when juices of different composition, such as mill juices, are led 

 into the same gutter ; indeed, the unequal composition may sometimes be 

 traced after the contents of the main gutter are discharged into a tank and 

 even in the pipe line after passing through the pump. 



Sampling from Containers. — The most accurate sample is obtained by 

 taking an aliquot portion from each container of juice, syrup or molasses. 

 If, as should be the case, all containers are of equal capacity each sample 

 taken is of the same volume. 



The continuous weighing machines on the market are arranged to take 

 a sample when dumping their contents. Tanks on beam scales, or used for 

 volume measurements, may easily be fitted with a pet cock through which 

 •\ sample is drawn, and which is opened by the movement of the main valve, 

 rhus avoiding any forgetfulness on the part of the attendant. 



Fig. 352 



Fig. 353 



Sampling of Sugars. — The sugar sample is usually taken by the weigh- 

 master, who throws a pinch of sugar from each bag into a container. A 

 very convenient continuous automatic sampler {Fig. 355) adapted to the 

 bucket elevator was devised for the writer by Sr. Sacramento Bareto. A 

 stout horizontal rod, a, was attached to -the sides of the elevator. To this 

 rod was loosely hung a hinge, b, with flattened end. This last was of such 

 a length that it projected about one half-inch over the lips of the buckets c. 

 The latter in their upward motion struck the swinging hinge, whereby a few 

 crystals of sugar were " flicked " backwards and fell into a container, d, the 

 position of which was determined by trial and error. In its motion after 

 being struck by a bucket, the rod b hit against a third horizontal rod, e, 

 and thus fell back on to the next bucket in succession. The container was 

 made with a conical mouth and was provided with a sliding bottom, through 

 which all the material collected over any period could be removed. 



Sampling of Press Cake. — Unwashed cakes are of nearly equal composi- 

 tion throughout, but washed cakes show large variation in composition. 



