the Manufactures of Iron and Steel. 353 
the rate of 20 cwt. to a ton; but in felling fteel he gives at 
the rate of 21 cwt. 1 qr. 20 1b. to each ton, or 120 lb. inftead 
of 112 Ib. for each hundred weight. 
It is uncertain whether the quality of fteel, fabricated 
from Enelifh iron at the above early period, was in any way 
comparable with what we now make from foreign iron; or 
whether the artifts were fupplied with this ftate of the metal 
from Spain and the Low Countries. The latter is moft pro- 
bable. 
In whatever point of view the iron trade may be confi- 
dered with regard to this-country, the advantages derived 
from its progrefs have been great: whether we confider it 
as having cleared the country of vaft traéts of wood—afford- 
ing at the fame time an ample indemnification for the labour 
beftowed—the confequent improvement of climate, and the 
fpread of agriculture; as having placed us at the head of 
the manufacturing countries of Europe; as affording us at 
all times a plentiful fupply for the conftruétion of every fpe- 
cies of machinery; as being an arlenal for the rearing and - 
protecting an extenfive navy ; or, as having been a fource 
of wealth to many individuals, and at the fame time afford- 
ing a competent recompenfe for the labour of a number of 
our fellow creatures. 
Ill. Account of Count RuMFORD’s Experiments on the con- 
du&ting Power of Liquids with Regard to Heat, and a De- 
Scription of the Apparatus employed in the Experiments. 
Extraéted from his Effays, Political, Economical and Phi- 
lofophical, Vol. II. 
Orr limits will not allow us to make long extraéts from 
the interefting experiments of this ingenious philofopher, 
who has done more in what regards the fcience of heat than 
all who have ever written upon it befides. We only hope to 
be able to convey fome intelligible ideas on the fubjeét to 
vou, IT, Aa fuch 
