24-2 Apparatus for Filtering Water and other Fluids. 



the pores of the cylinders, and producing thereby a reflux aS 

 well as a flux, which will always keep the pores free from 

 any obftru6lion. 



Fig. 2. a feftion of a caflc or tub, contrived, as to the filter- 

 ing part, precifely on the fame principles, but furniflied with 

 a fweetening apparatus, which confifts of broken crockery 

 placed between two partitions, fo that the water poured in at 

 the top falls through fmall apertures upon innumerable fur- 

 faces ; and the caflc being perforated all round at G G, is ex- 

 pofed to atmofpheric air, probably fome hours before it efcapes 

 drop by drop into the divifion below. 



The refervoir only differs in fliape from thofe contrived for 

 cifl:erns, as may be feen Fig. 3. which is a horizontal feftion 

 of the caflc Fig. 2. 



Fig. 4. a feftion of a cafe lined with lead, and furniflied 

 infide with cylinders fupported on a frame above a ciftern 

 lined with lead to receive the filtered water. It only differs 

 from the cafk in this refpeft, that the filtering procefs pre- 

 cedes the fweetening; the foul water is drawn off at the up- 

 per, and the water for ufe at the lower, cock. A funnel or 

 bafon, with a hole in its bottom, is placed within the frame 

 of this apparatus between the cafe and the clfl.ern already 

 defcribed. Through this funnel, which is filled with bro}ien 

 crockery, the water which falls from the cafe is obliged to 

 pafs before it can reach the cifl;ern. A vertical fe6lion of this 

 funnel is reprefented in Fig. 5. 



This apparatus is provided with handles and rings defigned 

 for the convenience of moving, lafliing to a fliip, &c. The 

 frame is furniflied with a hanging door on each fide impan- 

 nelled with canvafs, which, while it excludes duft, admits air, 

 and may be lifted up to examine the ftate of the ciftern when 

 neceffary. 



Fig. 6. a longitudinal feftion of one of the cylinders, aixi 

 a feparate view of its bottom, into the fquare hole of which 

 a tube of box wood enters. The cylinder h fixed by means 

 of a nut and Tcrew, and, with the afliftance of leather, a 

 found joint, is made to connedl it with the leaden bottom of 

 the cafe Fig. 4 and 5. 



It would be vain to attempt, by mere mechanical means^ 



to free water from thofe principles which are held in a ftate 



7 of 



