230 Plums and Plum Culture 



Beta. — Said by J. W. Kerr to be a distinct yellow variety 

 of Primus mantima, collected in New Jersey by E. W. Winsor. 



Bluemoxt. — A variety of the Watsoni group, which origi- 

 nated some years ago at Manhattan, Kansas, and still grown 

 locally in a small way. It has recently been favorably reported 

 to me by William Cutter of Junction City, Kansas, who says 

 that it has usually been propagated by suckers. 



Brill. — A variety of southern origin, thought to have 

 come from Mississippi, and grown to some extent in Texas. 

 Introduced to the nursery trade by J. T. Whitaker, Tyler, 

 Texas. Myrobalan. 



Cherry (or Early Cherry). — The whole Myrobalan spe- 

 cies is commonly called the Cherry plum, especially in Europe. 

 This is recognized in the scientific name. Primus cerasifera, — 

 "the cherry-bearing plum." The name Cherry was recognized 

 by Downing and all our early pomologists as a synonym of 

 Myrobalan, which, as elsewhc re explained, is to be regarded 

 as a class name rather than as a variety name. Two or three 

 varieties of the Myrobalan group, however, continue to be 

 grown in various parts of the country under the name of 

 Cherry, Early Cherry, etc. Such names are illegitimate. 



Chippewa. — A dwarf variety from Chippewa Falls, Wis- 

 consin, mentioned in Iowa Bulletin 19:554- 



Cook. — Listed in the Marianna ( Myrobalan) group by 

 J. W. Kerr, and described as "medium size, round, inclining 

 to oblong, red, cling." 



Couler. — "The Couler is a large plum of fair quality, 

 ripening a little before Miner, but sometimes cracks open 

 badly before ripe." — O. H. Kenyon, McGregor, Iowa, horti- 

 cultural report 27 1235. From William Couler, Chicasaw 

 county, Iowa. The variety seems to have been left behind in 

 the progress of native plum breeding in Iowa. 



De Caradeuc. — Fruit globular, medium size, with a promi- 

 nent suture line, deep purplish-red, with a thin bloom ; skin 

 thin; flesh soft, juicy, yellow; stone medium size, roundish, 

 turgid, cling; quality only fair; season early; tree a rather 

 large and erect grower. Bailey gives the following history of 

 the variety : "About a year ago I became convinced that De 

 Caradeuc is Primus cerasifera, and I was glad to have my 

 opinion confirmed by so good a nurseryman as P. J. Berck- 

 mans of Georgia, who named the variety ; and the origin of 

 the plum, which I have since learned, corroborates my con- 

 clusion. It originated with A. De Caradeuc upon his former 

 farm near Aiken, South Carolina, about the years 1850 to 1854. 

 Mr. De Caradeuc imported some French plums, from the seed 

 of which this variety came. There were several Chicasaw 

 plums in the vicinity of the French trees and Air. De Caradeuc 



