505 A h'lej Account of the- 



Llwyn y Main and Trevor Claudd, which appear to be nearly 

 exhausted ; but other collieries have been lately opened be- 

 tween Oswestry and Chirk Bridge. The colliers describe these 

 veins as diverging rays from an ideal centre, marked here by 

 the part of the horizon where the sun appears from eight to 

 ten o'clock in the morning. To this ideal centre the Rua- 

 bon collieries dip from north-west to east on the north side 

 the Dee. The Chirk collieries, from west to east on the 

 south side the Dee, and between that river and the Ceiriog; 

 and again, the Pen y bryn collieries, lately begvm to be 

 worked, and the only work of the three in Shropshire, dips 

 from west to east on the south side the Ceiriog. These 

 veins range up against a ridge of lime rocks that run from 

 north to south-west. Those near Ruabon, as well as those 

 on the south side the Ceiriog, are a strong bituminous coal, 

 with the baking quality of the Newcastle coal, yielding a 

 strong heat, but no bad smell, except the top coal. The 

 veins between the Dec- and Ceiriog are a lighter coal, burn- 

 ing more quickly, and the ashes are white. This difference 

 is supposed, by the colliers, to arise from the less weight of 

 water that is over these veins. Mr. Arthur Davies, of Os- 

 westry, has favoured me with the following list of the strata 

 in the engine-pit at Chirk Bank coal-work, and which is 

 the deepest pit he has sunk. 

 Gravel - - - 



Red clay _ _ - 



Delph ' - - - - 



Fine sandstone - - 



Tender coal _ _ _ 



Clunch - - _ - 



Blue bind 



Freestone rock - - _ 



Coal 



Clunch and ironstone 

 Blue bind, with ironstone 

 Black shale - ^ _ 



Coal - _ . 



Gray rock and clunch - - 

 Coal 

 Clunch 



Dark gray rock - - - 



Blue bind _ _ _ 



Gray stoae mixed with ironstone 

 Coal 



We 



