tfivh'ub the Bomb of the Turkijh Pipts are made. l6j 

 not very fond of tobacco pipes made of fea-froth : and they 

 are feidom ufed by- the Afiatics; for they ary too heavy, h©14 

 too much tobacco, and in fome. m cam re leffen the agiee- 

 ablenefs of its tafte. The Turks, therefore, prefer pipe- 

 bowls made of red clay, and fell the former chiefly to the 

 Greeks, who tranfport them to Tranfilvania and Hungary. 



Thefe fmall red pipe bowls are, on the other hand, in 

 common ufe throughout all LefTer Afia, Arabia, Egypt, &c. 

 -and are formed of a real kind of clay-earth ; but in places 

 where that clay-earth is not to be found, they are imitated 

 by fome artificial compofition, which is indeed preferable; 

 for thofe burnt of clay have in general a pale red colour, 

 whereas thofe made artificially have a beautiful high colour. 

 The earth of which thefe bowls are made is not a red bolus, 

 but a blueifh argillaceous fpecies of potter's earth. Such, 

 at leaft, were thofe which I faw at Trebifond, Toli, and 

 Caefarea, where an immenfe number of thefe pipe-bowls 

 #re made. 



In thofe places, on the other hand, where this fpecies of 

 potter's earth cannot eafily be procured, or is not valued, as 

 *t Conftantinople and Tocat, the pipe-bovvis are prepared 

 IB the following manner : — Small fragments of thoroughly 

 burnt tiles, particularly old ones, are pounded and then re- 

 duced to fine powder in a mill. Three parts of this tile-duff. 

 are then mixed with one part of any well wafhed argillaceous 

 earth in pits made for the purpofe, or in wooden boxes, and wa- 

 ter to the height of a few inches is poured over it. This mafs^ 

 is daily ftirred during a week ; the water is poured off and 

 irefh water poured on every evening; at the end of the week 

 the whole pafte is well ftirred round with fticks, and when. 

 the ufelefs coarfe fandy parts begin to fink to the. bottom, 

 the remaining muddy water is drained off into other velfcls, 

 where it is fuflered to remain till the argillaceous pafte falls 

 to the bottom and the waier has again become clear. Tha 

 remaining water is then carefully drained off, and the clayey 

 cake, as it dries, is well kneaded. As foon as it is lb dry as 

 H -| to 



