with 



Bad 



Bibliography. 209 



. nutest organic forms, by the statement "that the granular portions of 

 the oolitic limestone of the Jura formation, in Germany as well as in 

 England, appears to be chiefly composed of the shells of Melonia? " 



He alluded to the different views which have been entertained with 

 regard to the origin of granular (kbrnigen) oolitic limestone, and stated 

 that the idea, that like peastone, it originated in an incrustation of va- 

 rious small fragments in a former sea having a high temperature, was 

 improbable and untenable ; for among the round grains with concentric 

 coatings, like the peelings of an onion, which might be supposed to 

 have had such an origin, there also often occurred calcareous or sili- 

 ceous bodies of the same size, which showed no trace of incrustation, 

 as for example spines of Echinas, encrinital plates, fragments of shells, 

 and minute Polythalamia. All these forms which had existed and re- 

 mained m the same conditions, but which had received no shelly cov- 

 erin g, prove that the shells of many oolitic grains can be no incrusta- 

 tions. Besides, the oolitic grains have generally a very similar limit 

 ' ' regard to size, while in the formation of peastone there is no limit. 

 Jne author stated that he possessed a piece of oolitic limestone from 

 ' en , the grains of which showed in addition to the shells, longitudi- 

 striai, and chambers were visible in the cross section, so that the 

 c ure opposed the supposition of a mere calcareous deposition, 

 same structure was seen in the Melonise from the mountain lime- 

 e ^ake Onega in Russia, and by means of sections distinct views 

 e s ' r ucture of the Melonise were also obtained, in a piece of horn- 

 one from the mountain limestone of Tula, to which a Spirifer remained 

 ering, and which was crowded with various Polythalamian forms, 

 nrenberg states that in many cases " the Melonise of the oolitic 

 estone are so changed into calc spar that the shells are no longer 

 ' e u. In other cases there is found in their interior a small kernel 

 calc spar which might easily lead to the supposition that a real in- 

 r "station of a grain of sea-weed had taken place, while it is in fact 

 J Lfle internal commencement of the change to crystalline calcareous 

 S P*\ as may be recognized by the brilliant fracture. 



e author states the microscopic organisms from Australia and 



* Holland present less peculiarity than was expected in consequence 



e rema rkable forms of the larger animals of those regions. Only 



Peculiar genus, Rhizonotia, was found, and all the forms belonged 



Th n know n orders, classes, and families. 



w e ,0 "owing are the general results from all these examinations. 

 • Microscopic life, particularly in the forms which constitute 



s °f earth and rock, appears to exist in the same manner over the 

 5Ur 'ace nf +u i , rr 



Vo eorth e whole earth. 



0l - ****, No. l.-April-June, 1844. 27 



o 



