THE SIMPAI AND ENTELLUS. 89 
apes. Besides these external distinctions, there are many remarkable peculiarities in the 
anatomy of the internal organs, which also serve to settle the position of the animal in 
the order of nature. Among these internal organs, the stomach displays the most 
remarkable construction, being very large, and divided into compartments that bear some 
resemblance to those in the stomach of ruminating annals. 
These monkeys are distributed through sev eral parts of the world, the Simpai making 
its residence in Sumatra. 
This is a beautiful little animal, and is pleasmg both for elegance of shape, and the 
contrasting tints with which its fur is decorated. The prevailing colour of the body is a 
light chestnut, with a perceptible golden tinge, showing itself when the light falls 
obliquely on the fur, The inside of the limbs and the abdomen are not so bright as the 
rest of the body, but take a most sober tint of grey. At the top of the head the hair is 
straight, and is set on nearly perpendicularly, so as to form a narrow crest. The colour 
of the crest, together with that of a narrow band running over the eyes and temples, is 
black. From this conspicuous peculiarity, the Simpai is also called the Black-crested 
Monkey. The name Presbytes signifies an old man, and is given to these monkeys on 
account of the wizened, old-fashioned aspect of their countenances. The term “melalo- 
phos” is literally “black-crested,” and therefore a very appropriate name for this 
species. 
The length of this animal, measured from the nose to the root of the tail, is 
about twenty inches, and that of the tail itself is not very far from three feet. 
Its fur is very soft and glossy. 
Several allied species are rather celebrated among furriers for the beauty of their 
natural garments, and suffer much from the hunters. A well-known example, the 
Negro Monkey, sometimes called the Moor, or the Budeng (Presbijtes Maura), furnishes 
the long black monkey-fur that is put to so many uses. Jet black as is the long 
silky fur of an adult Budeng, it is of a very different colour when the creature is 
young. The fur of the very young Negro Monkey is of a yellowish red colour, and 
the black tint appears first on the hands, whence it spreads up the arms, across the 
shoulders, and by degrees creeps over the whole body. 
It is a native of Java, and is a gregarious animal, being found in troops of fifty 
or more in number, and extremely noisy on the approach of a human being. In temper 
it is said to be morose and sulky, so that, in spite of its beautiful coat, it is seldom 
domesticated. In such a case a bad temper must be a positive blessing to a monkey. 
Not only for the skins are these monkeys valuable. Their teeth are in some favour 
for the composition of ornaments, being pierced and curiously strung together. 
There is another substance which is furnished by some individuals among this group 
of monkeys, but is not always found in them. This is the bezoar, a substance which 
was long in high esteem for the cure of disease, and even now is used for that purpose 
by the physicians of the East. The word bezoar is originally “bad-zahr,” or poison- 
expeller, and was applied to this substance as it was supposed to possess extraordinary 
virtue in destroying the effects of poison, whether administered internally, or applied to 
the bite of serpents, or the wounds caused by poisoned weapons. The bezoars are 
concretions, chiefly of phosphate of lime, which are found in the stomachs of many 
ruminating animals, the most Valuable being those of the Persian wild goat.. So highly 
valued were the last, that they were sold for ten times their weight in gold. 
Those of the Asiatic monkeys are considered the most valuable of all the bezoars, as, 
although small in size, they are powerful in quality. It is a somewhat remarkable 
circumstance that these monkeys, with their approximation to the ruminant stomach, 
should produce the same description of substance that was formerly thought to be the 
special property of the ruminating animals. 
A well-known example of this group of monkeys is the HooNUMAN, or ENTELLUS. 
This is a considerably larger animal than the Simpai, as the adult Hoonuman measures 
three or four feet from the nose to the root of the tail, and the tail itself rather exceeds 
the body in length. The colour of this monkey when young is a greyish brown, 
excepting a dark brown line along the back and over the loins. As the animal increases 
