THE NEWFOUNDLAND DOG. 263 
the creature be of a uniform colour, it must be free from the least spot of white; and 
eyen a white stain on the breast is held to deteriorate from its perfection. The colour 
which is most in vogue is a golden fawn ; and the white and red Dog takes the last place 
in the valuation of colour. 
It is a pretty. little creature, active and graceful to a degree, and affectionate to those 
who know how to win its affections. Even in the breed of our British smooth Grey- 
ITALIAN GREYHOUND.—Canis familiaris. 
hounds, this little animal has been successfully employed, and by a careful admixture with 
the larger Dog, takes away the heavy, clumsy aspect of the head which is caused by the 
bull-dog alliance, and restores to the offspring the elastic grace of the original Greyhound. 
It is generally bred in Spain and Italy, and from thence imported into this country, 
where the change of climate is so apt to affect its lungs, that its owners are forced to keep 
it closely swathed in warm clothing during the changeable months of the year. 
THE LARGE and handsome animal which is called from its native country the NEw- 
FOUNDLAND Doc, belongs to the group of spaniels, all of which appear to be possessed of 
considerable mental powers, and to be capable of instruction to a degree that is rarely 
seen in annals. 
In its native land the Newfoundland Dog is shamefully treated, being converted into a 
beast of burden, and forced to suffer even greater hardships than those which generally 
fall to the lot of animals which are used for the carriage of goods or the traction of 
vehicles. The life of a hewer of wood is proverbially one of privation, but the existence 
of the native Newfoundland Dog is still less to be envied, being that of a servant of the 
wood-hewer. In the winter, the chief employment of the inhabitants is to cut fuel, and 
the occupation of the Dogs is to draw it in carts. The poor animals are not only urged 
beyond their strength, but are meagrely fed with putrid salt fish, the produce of some 
preceding summer. Many of these noble Dogs sink under the joint effects of fatigue and 
starvation, and many of the survivors commit sad depredations on the neighbouring flocks 
as soon as the summer commences, and they are freed from their daily toils. 
