478 UROCYON. 
Measurements. Total length, 985; tail vertebrae, 405; hind leg 
from knee joint, 240. Skull: occipito-nasal length, 113; Hensel, 103; 
zygomatic width, 68; palatal length, 57; postpalatal length, 55.5; 
length of upper sectorial, alveolus, 9; length of mandible, 92; height 
at coronoid process, 44; length of lower sectorial, alveolus, rr. 
cinereo-argenteus texensis (Urocyon), Mearns, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. 
Mus., 1897, p.459. Elliot, Syn. N. Am. Mamm., rgo1, p. 308. 
TEXAN Gray Fox. 
Type locality. San Pedro, near Eagle Pass, Maverick County, Texas. 
Geogr. Distr. Northern Mexico on boundary line into Texas. 
Genl. Char. Similar to U. cinereo-argenteus, but ochraceous in 
color where the typical form is cinnamon rufous. 
Color. Markings of the limbs, sides of neck, and base of ears, 
which are chestnut or cinnamon rufous in the typical form, are 
ochraceous. (Mearns, l. c.) 
Measurements. Height of ear above crown, 80; hind foot, 128; 
tail vertebre, 350. 
With the Bears begins the second division of the Carnivora, the 
Plantigrades, or those that walk on the sole of the foot. In a degree 
these animals are terrestrial and semi-aquatic, the Polar Bear proba- 
bly passing the major portion of its life in the water. They are 
among the largest of quadrupeds in bulk, and although the species 
are comparatively few, they are found over a large portion of the 
World. They are omnivorous, nothing seeming to go amiss with 
their voracious appetite, from the diminutive ant to the bullock. 
All kinds of roots, grasses, and other vegetable foods are eaten by 
them, and if the nest of the honey-bee can be discovered, these beasts 
consider themselves in great luck, and greedily devour the sweet store 
of which they are extremely fond, bearing the numerous stings 
received from the angry insects with fortitude, although their mani- 
festations of disgust and rage at the punishment received may be 
many and violent. Beside the Polar Bear in the Arctic region, there 
are in North America, the Alaskan Brown Bear, the Grizzly, the 
Cinnamon or Black Bears, and the Glacier Bear, with sundry races 
of these of more or less questionable distinctive value. Within the 
limits of territory comprised in this work, two of the Bears above men- 
tioned are found, the Black or Cinnamon, and the Grizzly, and these 
are separated from their relatives of the more northern portion of 
the continent on account of some variation inthe skulls. Wherever 
found, the habits of North American Bears are practically the same, 
