76 BULLETIN NO. VII. 
The Canide possess anal glands affording an odor of more 
or less power. As has been said, the dogs are found over the 
entire surface of the globe where carnivorous mammals occur. 
Even in Australia which has no other endemic placental mam- 
mal, the Dingo or native dog represents this family, although 
it may be taken for granted that this species was simply in- 
troduced in an early period. As regards their origin we know 
that while no clearly marked representative of the Canidz 
lived during the Eocene period, there were nevertheless ani- 
mals which possessed similar characters, more or less masked 
by inter-relationships with the other carnivorous families. 
In the Miocene true representatives of the group are found. 
It would appear that the various families of Carnivora have in 
the main remained in the geographical regions where they 
were first brought to special development. Thus hyenas are 
now, as then, restricted to the old world and the raccoons to 
the western hemisphere. The views of naturalists are as yet 
by no means identical as to the probable origin of Carnivora in 
general, most assuming a Marsupial or Marsupial-like if non- 
Marsupial progenitor.* 
The origin of the domestic dog from one or more species of 
wild dogs cannot be denied. But it is not possible to place the 
*We add a list of the more important species of the genera of the 
Canidae. 
Genus Canis. 
C. lupus. Europe, Asia and North America. 
C. latrans. Prairies of Central N. America. 
OC. cancrivorus. Guiana. 
CO. jubatus. Brazil. 
C. antarcticus. Falkland Ids. 
CU. lupaster, C. (lupus?) N. Africa. 
C. familiaris. Domestic dog. 
C. hodopylax. Japan. 
CO. aureus (Jackal). Africa and S. Asia. 
C. mesomelas. S. Africa. 
C. dingo. Australia. 
Genus Vulpes. 
V. vulpes. Europe, Asia, N. America and N. Africa. 
V. corsac. India, central Asia, Asia minor. 
V. zerdu. N. Africa. 
V. lagopus. (Polar fox.) 
(?) V. velow. Central North America. 
V. virginianus. Southern United States. 
V. azare. South America. 
V. magellanicus. Extreme 8. America. 
Genus Nyctereutes. 
(?) NV. procyonoides. China and Japan. 
N. viverrinus. Japan. 
Genus Otocyon. 
O. megalotis. South Africa. 
Genus Lucaon, 
L. pictus. 
