78 BULLETIN NO. VII. 
b. GRIZZLED WOLVES—C. variabilis MAXIM., etc. White, 
more or less extensively grizzled with gray. Large, 
and rather northerly. 
c. GRAY AND BRINDLED WOLVES—C. lupus (Auct). Gray, 
of variable shade and pattern, generally brindled, 
darker dorsally, paler or white below, little or no 
rufous, Medium size. Most general distribution. 
d. RebD WOLVES—C. lupus, var. rufus AUD. AND BaAcH. 
Mixed, reddish and black, paler below, small. South- 
erly, especially Texas. 
é. Dusky WOLVES—C. nubilus: Say. Dusky or plumbe- 
ous brown, with or without darker muzzle bands and 
leg stripe. Small, chiefiy southerly. 
f. Buack WOLVES—C. lupus, ater RICHARDSON. Black. 
Small, southerly, Florida. 
The wolf drawn on Plate VI measured over four feet in length, 
tail, 19 in.; nose to eye, 5; nose to ear, nearly 9; nose to tip of 
ear, 12; eye toeye, 34. The lower canine was 1} long. Weight 
85 lbs. 
The following incidents were furnished me by Mr. Upham 
and illustrate certain traits of wolf character: 
“Mr. John D. Wilcox, of Pine City, Superintendent of Schools for Pine 
county, told me that about the year 1860, when he lived at Sunrise in 
Chisago county, having worked through a winter day in the woods, mak- 
ing sugar-troughs, one and a half miles from home, which was at Sunrise, 
he was chased by a half dozen or more wolves, which he saw bounding up 
and down in their pursuit on his track, and heard their yelping; with the 
greatest haste possible he got across the open land where he then was and 
climbed up into a tree, but only barely in time to save himself, for the 
wolves were immediately at the tree, jumping up, yelping, and making 
the evening hideous. This continued two hours or more, the wolves ail 
the time howling and leaping up, their eyes glowing like coals of fire. 
Finally they got into a fight among themselves and turned off into a 
neighboring swamp. This fight with much crashing of the alders, snarl- 
ing and yelping of the wolves, and joy of Mr. W. to hear his foes waging 
war on each other, lasted an hour or so; then all became as still as death, 
he finally got down and escaped home. His axe, left at the foot of the 
tree, had its handle so gnawed and split that it was spoiled. Woodsmen 
have a saying that when a pack of wolves thus are foiled and lose their 
expected prey, they turn on the wolf that first led them into the pursuit 
and slay him. 
The same winter (or rather, spring,) a Swede a few miles from Sunrise, 
making maple sugar at night and going out to gather sap, was attacked 
by wolves, and is said to have been wholly eaten up, not a bone being left, 
except his feet, which were gnawed as far down as the wolvescould reach 
into his boots;—only shreds and small scraps of his clothing were found. 
