196 BULLETIN NO. VII. 
The tubercles on the feet furnish reliable generic, if not 
specific, characters. There is, in this species, a large pad at 
the base of the first and second digits of the hind foot; a smaller 
one lies midway between the third and fourth; the largest one 
of all is near the base of the fifth digit, while two smaller ones, 
one on the outside, the other on the inside (the latter farthest 
back) lie behind them. The under surface of the toes appears 
scutilate. and the sole is punctate, while all that portion back 
of the pads is sparsely hairy. The fore foot has five pads, and 
the thumb nail is spade-shaped. The nasal pads are very small, 
and the head is blunt and stout, in fact the aspect is, as has 
been said, very much like that of a field mouse. 
While our information does not permit us to very minutely 
describe the range of the species, we know of its occurrence in 
most parts of the state. The following localities may be named: 
Hinckley, Pine county; Milaca, Mille Lacs county; Minneapolis, 
Hennepin county; Brown's Valley, Traverse county; Ortonville, 
Big Stone county, and points on the Red and Minnesota rivers. 
It was not found on the Mississippi at Watab, where Arvicola 
riparius is very common; nor can it now be found near Minne- 
apolis, though once common. 
In the eastern part of the United States this variety is found 
as far south as Massachusetts, and in New York, Michigan and 
Wisconsin, as well as in Washington. It merges insensibly 
into the typical H. rutilus to the north, so that to lay down an > 
arbitrary geographical range is impossible. 
The writer has observed these mice very abundant in dense 
woods running actively from fallen log to stump or brush-heap 
in broad day light, the rusty red color being scarcely distin- 
guishable from the red sawdust which often forms the soil or 
the pine needle carpet. The food can only be surmised, but 
the stomach is quite different from thatof <Avvicola, being more 
complicated and it may be presumed that grass seeds do not 
enter as largely into the diet as in the latter. By the first of 
April sexual functions are at their hight, the testes measur- 
ing 0.3. 
The following additional measurements are appended al- 
though they are not all from fully adult specimens, These are 
from specimens collected near Big Stone lake on the western 
line of Minnesota. Although by no means abundant it is not 
rare in the region of the upper Minnesota: 
