58 Bulletin American Museum of Natural History. [Vol. XXVII, 



(6.) Vicq d'Azyr's "Emp^tres" are transferred to the " mammif eres 

 marines" under the term "Amphibies." 



(7.) Vicq d'Azyr's "Cheveau d'eau" (Hippopotam^is), "Elephans," 

 "Tapiriens" and "Porcini" are gathered together into the group "Paehy- 

 dermes," which is exactly coextensive with Storr's modification of Linne's 

 "Bellufe" and which long remained in use. 



(8.) Finally the ordinal criteria employed are of the same nature as in 

 Cuvier's later classifications; this is illustrated in all the ordinal definitions, 

 one of which e. g., that of the "Plantigrades" may suffice as an example: 

 "Doigts unguiculees; trois sortes de dents ; point de pouces separes; plante 

 entiere appuyee." 



From these considerations it is evident that this classification is inferior 

 in its ideals, though not in its objective results, to that of Linnseus, since the 

 characters of the feet and front teeth are given higher diagnostic value than 

 the totality of characters drawn from all parts of the anatomy. Nor did 

 any fundamental advance in principles appear in Cuvier's later schemes. 

 This classification is relatively unilluminative in principle and founded upon 

 superficial and adaptive characters. At the same time it was well suited 

 to the age and although scarcely as good as Vicq d'Azyr's was in its objective 

 results much in advance of that of Linnseus. 



Geoff roy and Cuvier's classification of 1795. 



Mammiferes a ongles: 



Ordre I^"^. Quadrumanes [Boddaert]. 



Ordre II*. Cheiropteres [Blumenbach]. 



Ordre IIP. Plantigrades [new term? Insectivores, plantigrade carnivora.] 



Ordre IV. Vermiformes [cf. "Verminei," of Ray and Storr] (Mephitis, 



Mustela, Lutra). 



Ordre V*'. Carnivores [Vicq d'Azyr] (Civetta, Hyaena, Canis, Felis). 



Ordre VI^. Pedimanes [Vicq d'Azyr] (Didelphis, Phalangista]. 



Ordre VII*. Rongeurs [Vicq d'Azyr] (Kangurus, Dipus, Glis, Sciurus, Mus, 

 e^tc.) . 



Ordre VIII^. Edentes [Vicq d'Azyr] (Myrmecophaga, Manis, Dasypus). 



Ordre IX*. Tardigrades [cf. Brisson's "Tardigradus "] (Bradypus). 



Mammiferes a sabots : 



Ordre X*. Pachydermes [? new term] (Elephantus, Rhinoceros, Hippopota- 



mus, Tapir, Sus). 



Ordre XI*. Ruminans [Vicq d'Azyr] (Camelus, Moschus, Cervus, Camelo- 



pardalis, Antilope, Capra, Ovis, Bos). 



Ordre XII*. Solipedes [Vicq d'Azyr] (Equus). 

 Mammiferes marines: 



Ordre XIIF. Amphibies [cf. "Empetres" Vicq d'Azyr] (Phoca, Rosmarus, 

 Manatus, Trichecus [Dugong]). 



Ordre XIV*. Cetaces. 



