1910.] Cuvier's Classification in the ' Regne Animal.' 79 



'Griffith's Cuvier' (1827) and of 'Blytli's Cuvier' (1840, 1849, 1SG4) 

 Cuvier's 'Regne Animal' became tlie standard work on natural history in 

 England. 



The classification reflects the advances in the subject which had been 

 made since the appearance of the 'Le9ons d' Anatomic Comparee,' in the 

 following details : 



The arrangement of "les Carnassiers" is considerably improved. The 

 Insectivora (now for the first time called "les Insectivores") are separated 

 from the plantigrade Carnivora ("les Plantigrades"), which are in turn 

 placed with the typical Carnivora, and the term "Carnivores" is expanded 

 to include "les Plantigrades," "les Digitagrades" and "les Amphibies." 

 Thus Linne's reference of the seals to the Ferse was at last accepted by 

 Cuvier. "Les Marsupiaux" in the table of contents, arc included as a final 

 division of "les Carnassiers," but on page 169 we find the statement that the 

 Marsupials might almost form an order by themselves, so many are the 

 peculiarities of their economy; and the parallelism of their genera to those 

 of other orders is pointed out (p. 171), thus: "It has been said [by Geoffroy 

 Saint-Hilaire, de Blainville] that the Marsupials form a distinct class parallel 

 to that of the ordinary quadrupeds and divisible into similar orders, in such 

 a way that if the two classes were arranged in two columns, the opossums, 

 dasyures and bandicoots would be opposite the insectivorous carnassiers 

 with long canines, such as the tenrecs and moles, and the phalangers and 

 kangaroo-rats opposite the hedgehogs and shrews. The true kangaroos 

 cannot well be compared with anything, but the wombats would be opposite 

 the rodents." 



In this passage and especially in the discussion of the rodent-like char- 

 acters of Phascolomys (p. 185) the great principle of analogous adaptations 

 in different orders is recognized hut not formulated {cf. Dumeril), but, as 

 shown by the classification as a whole, this principle is not yet taken as a 

 guide. 



The Rodents are divided into two sections: (1) those with clavicles, and 

 (2) those without clavicles. 



The many anatomical peculiarities of the Monotremes pointed out by 

 Geoffroy are described (p. 225) and their possible connection with Marsu- 

 pials is also noted (p. 171) ; but the INIonotremes are still left in the Edentates. 



The Pachydermes are now divided into "Proboscidiens" [cf. Illiger's 

 term], "Pachydermes ordinaires" and "Solipedes," but there is no hint of 

 the removal of Sus, Hippopotamus and Anoplotherium to the neighborhood 

 of the Ruminants. 



The Camels and Chevrotains are associated in the group of "Ruminans 

 sans cornes." 



