350 Bulletin American JMuseuni of Natural History. [Vol. XXVII, 



This very elaborate classification (which is founded in part on the 

 systems of Cuvier, Owen and Huxley) presents the following noteworthy 

 features : 



(1) It is based on the principle that analysis should precede synthesis 

 and therefore sets apart many groups which later researches have joined 

 together. 



(2) It raises certain previously accepted genera to subfamily rank, 

 certain subfamilies to families and families to superfamilies. In this manner 

 it magnifies the taxonomic value of observed resemblances and differences 

 and thus invites renewed analvsis and svnthesis. 



(3) It is based on the "totality of characters drawn from all parts of the 

 organism" and therefore avoids the errors of those systems which are 

 founded upon single characters or upon a correlated series of characters; 

 but on the other hand it is inferior to that of Huxley in many points. 



(4) It recognizes more fully the great complexity and extent of the prob- 

 lems of mammalian taxonomy. 



(5) It attempts to make classification express consistently correspond- 

 ing degrees of homological resemblances and differences. 



(6) By the use of the superfamily division it facilitates the expression 

 of affinity and separation between families. 



1891. Flower and Lydekker. 



Order Ungulata. 



Ungulata Vera. ' 



Suborder Artiodactyla. 



Suina. Fam. Hippopotamidse, Suidse, Dicotylidse, "Extinct 

 Transitional Artiodactyls" (Chooropotamidse, Anthraco- 

 theriida^, Cotyloj^id^e [Oreodontidse], Anoplotheriidse, 

 Csenotheriidse, Dichodontidse) . 

 Tylopoda. Fam. Camelidse. 

 Tragulina. Fam. Tragulida>. 



Pecora. Fam. Cervidse (Subf. Moschinae, Cervinse (Plesio- 

 metacarpalia. Cervulus, Elaphodus, Cervus; Tele- 

 metacarpalia. Rangifer, Alces, Cervalces, Capreolus, 

 Hydropotes, Cariacus, Pudua.) Fam. Giraffidse, Antilo- 

 capridse, Bovidse. 

 Suborder Perissodactyla. Fam. Tapiridse, Lophiodontidse, Palse- 

 otheriidge, Equidse, Rhinocerotidse, Lambdotheriidse, 

 Chalicotheriida>, Titanotheriida", Macraucheniidse, Prote- 

 rotheriidse. 

 Subungulata. 



Suborder Hyracoidea. Fam. Hyracidae. 



Suborder Proboscidea. Fam. Elephantidae, Dinotheriidse. 



Suborder Amblypoda (not divided into families). 



Suborder Condylarthra. 



Suborder Toxodontia. 



