1910.] The Proboscidea. 367 



I. Evidence for relationship with the stem of the Proboscidea: 



(1) I| enlarged as in Palaomastodon (li enlarcred in Sirenia) (c/. Eosirrn, 

 Eotherium). Mandibular symphysis approaching the Proboscidean rather 

 than the Sirenian type. 



(2) Cheek teeth of Proboscidean rather than Sirenian ajjpearance {cf. 

 special resemblances to Paloeomastodon in Mwritherium hjonsi. 



(3) Partial closure of the external auditory canal in palatal view by a 

 backward prolongation of the })ostglenoid, which in Eotherinm is widely 

 open. The meatus in side view appears as a circular opening situated above 

 the level of the zygoma, as in Pala'omasfodon. 



(4) Confluence of condylar foramen with the foramen lacerum posterius 

 (Condylar foramen tlistinct in Eotherium). 



(5) Malar extending very far backward: viz., back of glenoid (contrast 

 Eotherium, Andrews, op. cit., figure on p. 205). 



(6) Large fossa for an anterior slip of the masseter, below the orbit 

 (as in Paloeomastodon). 



(7) In occipital view squamosal very large (larger than in Eotherium,; 

 cf. Paloeomastodon). 



(8) A small tubercle on the lachrymal (Andrews, p. 103). The latter 

 however differs from that of Paloeomastodon in having no lachrymal foramen. 



II. Evidence for relationship between Maritherium and the Stem of the 

 'Sirenia. 



(1) In palatal view general similarity between Moeritherium and Eo- 

 therium very striking. 



(2) Extreme anterior position of orbits (noted by Andrews and by 

 Osborn). 



(3) "Upper posterior angle of the squamosal [in Eotherium] shut off 

 from contact with the supraoccipital by a narrow posterior prolongation of 

 the parietal which is wedged in between the two bones as in Moeritherium " 

 (Andrews, op. cit., p. 205). 



(4) General similarity in the occipital view between Moeritherium 

 and Eotherium. 



(5) Certain resemblances in pelvis (noted by Andrews) between Moeri- 

 therium and Eotherium. 



(6) Scapula of Moeritherium (op. cit., \)]. xi, fig. 5) resembling the 

 Sirenian type in the backward sweep of the suj)erior jmrt of the blade. 



(7) Strong resemblances between Mopritheriuni and Eotherium shown 

 in the brain casts (Andrews). 



III. Characters in which Moeritherium differs from tJie Proboscidea. 



(1) All those mentioned above under II. 



(2) Long tubular midcranial region, as in primitive Insectivores, 

 Creodonts, Pantolambda, etc. Primitive. 



