144 Trans. Acad. Sci. of St. Louis. 



it also visits our state in winter and should be looked for especially 

 in the northwesern part. 



Family Corvidae. Crows, Jays, Magpies, etc. 

 Subfamily Garruhnae. Magpies and Jays. 

 475. Pica pica hudsonica (Sab.). American Magpie, 



Corvus pica. Pica hudsonica. Pica melanoleuca. Pica caudata hudsonica. 



Geog. Dist. — ^V^'estern and northern North America; east to 

 Lake Winnipeg, western Nebraska and eastern Colorado; west 

 to the Cascade Mountains ; in the north through western Assin- 

 iboa, Alberta and British Columbia to Alaska; south to western 

 Texas, New Mexico and Arizona. Non-migratory, except in 

 the far North. Formerly in winter to Kansas, eastern Nebraska, 

 Iowa, Wisconsin, Michigan and Ontario, but range and numbers 

 are greatly reduced through constant persecution by hunters 

 and ranchmen who consider them a nuisance. 



There is a record by L. W. Corder of Waverly, Mo., one of the 

 observers of bird migration, in his report to the Department of 

 Agriculture, stating that he saw four Magpies November 1, 

 1890, in Saline Co., Mo. Indications are not wanting that Mag- 

 pies formerly extended their wanderings, at least in some winters, 

 as far south as Missouri. Mr. Heiser of Keokuk has a mounted 

 specimen which he shot many years ago in winter near the 

 Des Moines River not far from the state line. Audubon men- 

 tions in his journal two caged Magpies at Fort Croghan, near 

 the present site of Omaha, May 10, 1843, said to have been caught 

 in nooses by the legs. In 1885, Mr. G. S. Agersborg of Alda, 

 southeastern South Dakota, writes (Auk vol. 2, p. 282): "This 

 bird, which was formerly very common here in winter, frequent- 

 ing trappers' camps and farmyards, has within the last four 

 years entirely disappeared." It is said to have been taken in 

 Shawnee Co., eastern Kansas, in October (Snow, 1873). 



*477. Cyanocitta cristata (Linn.). Blue Jay. 



Corvus cristatus. Garrulus cristatus. Cyanurus cristatus. Jay Bird. 



Geog. Dist. — Eastern North America to western Nebraska 

 and western Manitoba, and from the Gulf to Newfoundland 

 and Hudson Bay; northwestward to Athabasca River and Al- 

 berta. Winters from the Northwest Territories and Cape 



