PROCEEDINGS, 1915. 47 



1. In normally planted, well pruned orchards, with only a moder- 

 ate infestation, spraying the apples with Blackleaf 40, 1 pint to 100 gals, 

 just before and just after the blossoms fall, and pears just after the blos- 

 soms fall and again five days later, should be sufficient. In others special 

 measure must be taken. 



2. The trees must be banded with tree tanglefoot to prevent the 

 reascent of those insects that have fallen to the ground. 



3. The orchard must be kept in a state of clean cultivation until 

 the end of the first week in July, in order to starve all insects that have 

 been forced down the tree. 



4. The trees must be thoroughly thinned out and pruned so that 

 all parts can be reached by the spray. 



5. A very heavy drenching spray must be given. 



THE BROWN TAIL MOTH IN NOVA SCOTIA. 



By G. E. Sanders. 



Field Officer in charge Dominion Entomological Laboratory, Annapolis 

 Royal, N.S. 



In preparing a paper on the Brown Tail Moth in Nova Scotia, I have 

 had difficulty in keeping my paper down within even moderate limits, 

 owing to the large amount of data which has been gathered since the in- 

 troduction of this pest into America and its discovery in Massachusetts 

 in 1897. 



Description and Life History. 



The adult Brown-tail is a snowy white moth about 1 1-4 inches 

 across the expanded wings. Both sexes have a characteristic tuft of brown 

 hairs at the tip of the body from which they get their name Brown-tail. 

 Both sexes are strong fliers and are frequently carried very long distances 

 by the wind, the counties of Yarmouth and Shelburne having been in- 

 fested in 1913 by female moths which blew across the Bay of Fundy from 

 infestations along the New England coast. In ordinary years a moderate 

 flight of male moths is found at Yarmouth but as very few nests are found 

 following these flights we know that it is the exception for female moths 

 to cross the Bay of Fundy from the New England coast, although we have 

 had a moderate flight of male moths in Yarmouth every year since 1910 

 at least. 



The eggs are deposited on the under sides of the leaves in late July 

 or early August. The egg cluster contains about 300 eggs deposited in an 

 irregular mass about 1-4 inch wide and 1-2 inch long, and is covered with 

 brown hairs from the tuft of the tip of the body of the female which ad- 

 heres to the egg mass as the eggs are deposited. 



In about three weeks the eggs hatch and the young larvae feed on 

 the leaves within six inches of the egg mass, nibbling at the surface and 



