86 N.S. ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



Fall Injury. 



The damage that the budmoths do to the foliage in the fall is ne- 

 gligible, but the habit of two species in tying the leaf up to the apple and 

 marring the surface, making it usually fit only for a No. 3 or a cull, often 

 causes serious loss. Usually for every ten per cent of the buds damaged 

 by budmoth in the spring, three per cent of the picked fruit will be mar- 

 red by the budmoth tying the leaf up to it and feeding off the surface of 

 the fruit. 



Extent of Damage in Nova Scotia. 



The highest percentage of infestation recorded, in the buds, in 1915, 

 was in the Early William variety,96.4 per cent of the buds in one plot be- 

 ing infested. The average infestation in unsprayed orchards for all vari- 

 ties, runs about 40 per cent; that would mean an average reduction in 

 crop in such orchards of 30 per cent; in such an orchard about 12 per cent 

 of the apples would have leaves tied up to them. 



Varieties which have crinkly twigs, such as Wagner, Ribston Pippin, 

 Nonpareil, Early William, etc., are almost invariably more heavily in- 

 fested than clean limbed varieties such as Golden Russett, N. Spy and 

 Ben Davis. This is due to the crinkly twigged varieties offering better 

 protection to the cocoon in which the half grown larvae hibernate. 



Controls. 



It has for several years been recognized that the best time to spray 

 to control budmoth, is after the leaves open and before the blossoms, the 

 semi dormant spray with Lead arsenate, for some time recommended, 

 having been proved almost worthless in budmoth control in the experi- 

 ments conducted in R. S. Eaton's orchard in 1912-13. A spray applied 

 about four days before the blossoms having given the best results in that 

 experiment. In 1915 experiments were carried on in S. B. Chute's or- 

 chard to determine the value of two sprays before the blossoms, one when 

 the leaves are the size of a ten cent piece and the other immediately be- 

 fore the blossoms, as compared with one spray about four days before 

 the blossoms. The results show that one spray five days before the 

 blossoms followed by two after the blossoms, killed 51 per cent of the bud- 

 moths, which normally become adults, while the two sprays before the 

 blossoms killed 75 per cent. 



In an experiment conducted in the George Hoyt orchard, Annapolis, 

 to compare the new Friend Drive nozzle with the Friend Calyx nozzle 

 in Budmoth control, the two plots received four sprays, each with the 

 same 2 lbs. Lead Arsenate, 1 gal. Lime Sulphur solution to 40 gallons. 

 Where the Calyx nozzle, which throws a mist spray very similar to the 

 mistry and whirlpool nozzles, was used, 84 per cent of the budmoths 



