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N. S. ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



the lime sulphur, to determine if at any time it was a safe spray as regards russetting the 

 fruit and also to determine if it caused less drop than lime sulphur, as indicated in the 

 Thomson orchard at Berwick the previous year. 



No. of Apples Matured per pair of Wagner Trees. 



These experiments, conducted in a small way, are all in favor of Bordeaux mixture 

 as far as quantity of fruit is concerned. Where the Bordeaux was applied immediately 

 before the blossoms 7 per cent of the apples were russeted slightly; where it was ap- 

 plied immediately after the blossoms 43.6 per cent of the apples were russeted moder- 

 ately, while on the trees that received Bordeaux two weeks after the blossoms only 3 per 

 cent of the apples were russetted very slightly. 



Lime sulphur at one gallon of concentrated to 33 of water apparently does but 

 little harm before the blossoms. It possibly do,es a little harm after the blossoms in re- 

 ducing the quantity of apples, but does not at that period give the russeting that Bor- 

 deaux mixture does. Two weeks after the blossoms seems to be the time when lime 

 sulphur does its greatest damage, while at this period Bordeaux is comparatively harm- 

 less in so far as russeting of the fruit and causing "drop" is concerned. 



Taken together with the observations of the previous year, and considering the 

 cost of materials, the experiments in Mr. Johnson's orchard indicated that the best and 

 most economical combination of materials would be lime sulphur in a weaker solution 

 than we have hitherto used it, with arsenate of lime, for before the blossoms; lime sul- 

 phur about 1 gallon of commercial concentrate to 50 gallons of water, with a reduced 

 quantity of arsenate of lime, for immediately after the blossoms; and a very weak 

 Bordeaux mixture for two weeks after the blossoms. 



Soon after this opinion had been formed it was found that Mr. Wheelock Marshall 

 of Clarence had practically followed this plan, spraying his orchard as follows: Im- 

 mediately before the blossoms with lime sulphur 1 to 50, adding 2 lbs of paste (acid) ar- 

 senate of lead to forty gallons; immediately after the blossoms with lime and sulphur 1 to 

 60, adding 2 lbs. of paste arsenate of lead to 40 gallons; and two weeks after the blos- 

 soms with a Bordeaux mixture made up of 6 lbs. of bluestone (copper sulphate) 6 lbs. of 

 stone lime to 100 gals of water. The result was that a count of Gravensteins gave 98 

 per cent free from insect injury and 99 per cent free from apple scab. There was no 

 noticeable leaf injury, no russeting that could be traced to the spray, and no tree in the 

 orchard that indicated any drop of the "set" due to spray injury. The spray calendar 



