48 N. S. ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



maxillary and labial palps, and all legs white, markedly translucent — almost transpar- 

 ent. All appendages folded close against the body. Thorax also dirty white to very 

 light brown. Abdomen distinctly green, although of a delicate shade. 



CONTROL. 



Although this insect does serious damage where abundant, it is one easily controlled 

 on account of its preference for the dock as a food plant. Tests were made in which 

 larvae were placed on apple foliage to feed but in every case they refused it. Clean cul- 

 tivat on, resulting in the elimination of both species of dock, not only kills the larvae 

 already feeding but forces the egg laying females of subsequent generations to seek their 

 favorite plant in other orchards and fields when ovipositing. In uncultivated orchards 

 the destruction of all dock plants, by mowing or other means, gives just as satisfactory 

 results in sawfly control as clean cultivation. 



Banding the trees with tree tanglefoot in late summer, before the larvae of the last 

 generation have fully matured, prevents them from hibernating in the apples — the 

 only way in which they cause the orchardist any serious loss. 



The main factors in control, then, are; (1) Clean cultivation right through May 

 and June, or the destruction of all dock in the orchard and (2) banding of the trees in 

 early September. 



NOTES ON THE ROSE LEAF-HOPPER (Empoa rosae Lfnn) 

 IN NOVA SCOTIA. 



By W. H. Brittain and L. G. Saunders. 



THE rose leaf-hopper is of European origin, but is now widely distributed through- 

 out the northern United States and Canada. It is one of our most common or- 

 chard insects, outnumbering in many localities its relative the apple leaf-hopper 

 (Empoasca mail.). 



This insect is best known as a pest ©f rose bushes and in most of the economic liter- 

 ature dealing with the pest, it is considered in that capacity. Though noticed by num- 

 erous observers as attacking apple, it has not generally been recognized as of much im- 

 portance as a pest of fruit trees. Wilson & Childs (7) in the Second Biennial Crop Pest 

 Report of the Oregon Agricultural College published a preliminary paper on the work of 

 this insect as a fruit pest, in which the statement is made that in the Pacific Northwest 

 the rose leaf-hopper is an insect of primary importance as a pest of apple and straw- 

 berry, and to a less degree, of the loganberry, blackberry, etc. The same may be said 

 regarding the work of the insect in British Columbia, and while the insect is not so seri- 

 ous a pest in Nova Scotia as in the Pacific Northwest, it is responsible for more damage 

 than is commonly attributed to it. The same is probably true of other localities, where 

 the insect has doubtless been confused with Empoasca mali. 



INJURIES. 



The inj uries to the foliage appear first as tiny white or yellowish spots upon the sur- 

 face of the leaf. As the insects continue feeding, these spots will run together, so that 

 where the insects are numerous a very blotched appearance of the leaf will result. In 

 rare cases a slight curling may take place, but we have seen little of this form of injury 

 in Nova Scotia. The greatest damage is done to young trees, which, when severely at- 

 tacked, may have their leaves drop prematurely as a result. The injury to old trees is 



